是德科技IxLoad可简化DoH测试,免去传统DoH流量验证的繁琐,保证网络安全
传统的DNS是不安全的
标准的DNS通信是不安全的(因为它是纯文本),容易受到中间人的攻击。假设您在一家咖啡馆,与它的WIFI网络相连。您开始浏览网页,并向UDP 53(默认的DNS服务器端口)发送一个DNS请求(查询),如www.mywebsite.com。也许该咖啡店有一个服务已经被破坏,它将为您的查询提供一个糟糕的响应。结果,您看到的不是服务器的合法IP,而是攻击者的恶意IP,它伪装成www.mywebsite.com,并拦截所有后续流量。
一个简短的背景
域名系统(DNS)将人类友好的域名(或FQDN)映射到机器友好的数字IP地址,它是互联网的一个重要基础设施。自互联网诞生以来,DNS的查询和响应一直是根据RFC 1035以纯文本形式传输的,这使得它们非常容易被拦截和修改。
这种传统模式的一些关键破坏因素是:
-互联网上大约有16%的DNS解析是由不由ISP经营的开放性公共解析器服务处理的。开放式公共解析器运营商的例子包括谷歌、OpenDNS、114DNS等(参考https://github.com/curl/curl/wiki/DNS-over-HTTPS)。这种解析器记录了基于DNS的用户行为,引起了与用户数据收集相关的安全和隐私问题。
-由于新的技术规范和实现,DNS请求和响应现在可以通过替代的传输协议发送,如HTTPS、TLS、DTLS和QUIC。这些努力摆脱了未加密的UDP和TCP。
-浏览器和其他应用程序供应商有动力将解析器地址直接集成到他们的应用程序中,规避使用操作系统解析器的传统策略,而是创建特定于应用程序的解析行为。
这些技术的汇合从根本上改变了DNS解析的某些方面。因此,我们所知道的传统DNS不断受到网络对手的攻击,并用于监视和审查。
HTTPS上的DNS的演变
为了减轻这些威胁,保护DNS的真实性、保密性和完整性,提出了DNS-over-HTTPS(DoH)。DoH RFC,建议将HTTP/2作为DoH的最低版本使用。
要实现DoH,有两件事是必须的:一个与DoH兼容的应用程序(例如,一个支持DoH的客户端)和一个支持加密DNS的服务器。当客户端提出DNS请求时,它被封装在加密的HTTPS数据包中(整个DNS请求被加密并作为HTTP有效载荷的一部分嵌入),并被发送到DoH服务器,也称为DoH解析器,它处理请求并将加密的响应发送给应用程序(DoH支持的客户端)。由于整个名称解析是通过HTTPS进行的,因此对话是安全的。
DoH通过对DNS请求进行加密,防止通信守门员和窃听者获取信息。换句话说,任何监测DoH流量的人将无法区分DNS请求和其他HTTPS流量。
最常见的DoH推广是通过网络浏览器进行的,如Mozilla Firefox和Google Chrome。由于与CDN运营商的合作和密切联系,他们也操作DoH递归解析器,他们已经能够实施和使用这一协议。参与DoH的代理与传统DNS的代理相同,但提供域名解析的代理不再是ISP,服务的功能和特点也发生了变化。
网络中DoH流量的主要挑战
1.通过HTTPS/HTTP2的DNS是加密的。因此,网络基础设施元素和内容感知设备的性能会受到加密水平提高的影响。
2.DNS流量很小。这增加了每秒新的加密连接的数量(每秒的DNS查询)。
3.DoH交换是加密的,DPI和监控对于确保网络安全是必要的。
DoH测试拓扑结构
测试拓扑结构1
来自DoH客户端的测试流量通过应用交付控制器(ADC),并进入一个具有DoH功能的DNS解析器。这项测试可以确定以下内容:
-当ADC处理传统的DNS请求与DoH时,性能和可扩展性的影响,因为ADC进行TCP终止、过滤、安全等。
-测量网络中处理DoH请求而不是传统DNS的延迟和延误。
-ADC对与HTTP、HTTP/2和其他IMIX流量相结合的应用混合物的DoH处理能力。
-由于所有的现代ADC一般都会拦截加密的数据包,这个测试也可以实现对DoH数据包的DPI和IPS。
测试拓扑结构2
来自传统DNS客户端的测试流量击中了一个代理设备。代理设备拦截DNS请求并将其转换为DoH请求,以维护客户端设备的隐私。来自解析器的DoH响应被代理设备转换为客户端的普通DNS响应。该测试可以确定代理设备在这种拓扑结构下的DNS请求处理能力。
测试拓扑结构3
测试来自DoH客户端的流量击中了一个DoH解析器。这种情况对于在将DoH服务器投入生产之前对其性能进行基准测试是非常有用的。
用DoH流量验证您的网络
-DOH服务器和ADC的性能基准测试,包括最大连接/秒(DNS查询/秒)和并发连接。
-HTTP延迟测量,如到第一个字节的时间(TTFB),到最后一个字节的时间(TTLB),TCP失败,HTTP失败,这将转化为网络中的延迟和DNS查询的成功响应数量。
-使用TLS 1.2的各种密码器对DoH流量进行性能基准测试,例如:
大量加密密码,如AES-CBC,AES-GCM。
哈希算法,如SHA和MD5。
ECC曲线。
用于公开密钥交换和批量加密的各种密钥大小。
-通过拦截DOH流量和验证黑名单上的URL进行安全测试。
使用KEYSIGHT的IxLoad简化DoH测试
Keysight的IxLoad为测试DoH提供了全面的解决方案,包括IxLoad客户端和IxLoad 服务器,用于功能和性能测试。以下是对IxLoad中如何配置DoH的偷窥。
在IxLoad中,DoH被实现为HTTP客户端中专门的Get和Post命令以及HTTP服务器中的DNS配置,并有DoH特定的统计数据来显示结果。如前所述,IxLoad DoH的实现可用于单臂(用IxLoad模拟DoH客户端或DoH服务器)或双臂测试(IxLoad DoH客户端和服务器为测试终端)。
我们将在下面演示一个样本配置,IxLoad可用于对上述拓扑结构1中描述的NGFW设备的CPS(查询/秒)性能进行基准测试。
IxLoad客户端配置
-添加一个HTTP活动并将HTTP版本设置为2.0。
-启用SSL,选择TLS 1.2和您选择的密码。
-在HTTP活动下创建一个新的命令HTTP2(DoH)。
-DoH_client活动将请求发送到ADC,ADC处理DoH请求并将其发送到IxLoad DoH服务器进行解决。
-为DoH创建一个新的HTTP2方法配置文件,其中包括要解析的主机名/FQDN以及该DNS请求的查询类型。在这个例子中,我们将有一个单一的GET命令,要求解决name4.DoH。
IxLoad服务器配置
-IxLoad HTTP服务器引入了一个新的标签--HTTPS上的DNS,在这里可以添加/编辑区域。这里可以为DoH提供可配置的DNS服务器设置。
只需点击几下,我们的测试拓扑结构就准备好了!
IxLoad DoH统计
下一步
开始使用IXLOAD - 9.20 UPDATE1版本测试您的网络与DoH流量,可在IXLOAD - 9.20 更新1下载。
了解更多关于如何使用IxLoad在应用指南
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本文由JimJim翻译自Keysight,版权归世强硬创平台所有,非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明“来源:世强硬创平台”。
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Keysight(是德科技)测试仪器分销产品选型指南(英文)
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Keysight(是德科技)电源产品选型指南(中文)
目录- BenchVue软件 电源产品 系统直流电源和台式直流电源 直流电源输出电压和电流一览表 直流电源 直流电子负载 交流电源 专用电源产品 已停产的直流电源及其替代产品
型号- B2911B,B2911A,N8926A,U8000,N5742A,N5766A,6632B,6644A,BV0003B,N6977A,N6735B,N6953A,6800C 系列,N5743A,N5767A,N1275A,6621A,6633B,6645A,N6780 系列,EL30000系列,N6976A,N6746B,B1506A,N6952A,N6734B,U8031A,N8948A,N5744A,N5768A,N1274A,E4361A,N3300A,6622A,6634B,66332A,N8924A,66102A,6600 系列,B1505A,N6701C,66000,N8949A,N8925A,N8937A,6624A,N5745A,N5769A,E4360A,6611C,N3301A,N1273A,6623A,B2901BL,N6700C,66101A,U8000 系列,N6736B,N6954A,E36100A 系列,N6700A,E5263A,6625A,6612C,N5746A,N3302A,N1272A,66104A,N1260A,U8032A,66321D,66321B,B2902B,B2902A,6626A,N5747A,N3303A,6613C,PA2203A,66103A,BV0012B,N1271A,N6702C,6060 系列,6060B,N6705C,B2901B,N8928A,6800B 系列,N7900 系列,B2901A,6627A,EL30000,N3304A,6614C,N5748A,6600,E4360,66106A,N6783A-BAT,N8929A,B2900A,B2912B,E5262A,6628A,B2912A,N3305A,N5749A,66311B,PV8922A,66105A,U8001A,E4368A,N3306A,E4356A,N5700,6672A,B1511B,6684A,PV8921A,RP7935A,CX3322A,BV9210B,RP7945A,RP7933A,B2962A,N8900 系列,N3307A,E4367A,RP7900 系列,N6900,B1510A,6673A,PV8932A,B2960,RP7946A,6620 系列,B2961B,B2961A,RP7932A,6674A,AC6906L,AC6918L,PV8931A,U2723A,U8002A,RP7943A,RP7931A,6675A,B1520A,6651A,PA2201A,U2722A,BV9201B,AC6900,N8760A,6652A,B2900A 系列,E36232A,AC6906H,66300,AC6918H,N6700,N8761A,6653A,E4362A,B1514A,6641A,E36231A,BV9211B,B2960系列,EDU36311A,N3300,B1513C,6654A,6642A,E36234A,N7900,CX3324A,667X,U2720,CX3300A,BV9200B,669X,E36200 系列,66000 系列,B1500A,6643A,B1512A,E36233A,6655A,6631B,AC6903L,668X,RP7936A,E36100B,AC6903H,E36100A,RP7962A,AC6804A,PV8900 系列,AC6804B,N8740A,E36103A,E36103B,N6791A,AC6912L,AC6912H,RP7973A,RP7961A,6035A,66309B,E36102B,E36102A,66309D,N8741A,AC6802B,RP7972A,AC6802A,E3600 系列,E36311A,N8762A,B2960 系列,E36105B,N6781A,E36105A,6690A,E3641A,RP7983A,N3300 系列,AC6803A,AC6803B,N8900,E36104B,E36104A,N6792A,E3640A,6691A,AC6800A,N6790,AC6800B,N6783A-MFG,RP7942A,E3600,6038A,N6900 系列,E36313A,6692A,N6783A,N8756A,6680A,N8732A,PV8900,N8950A,RP7941A,AC6801A,AC6801B,N6780,RP7953A,E36312A,N6782A,E36106B,E36106A,AC6900 系列,N8757A,6681A,N8733A,N8951A,RP7952A,N7971A,6682A,N6785A,N6773A,N6761A,N8754A,N8742A,RP7963A,RP7951A,N7970A,N8700,6683A,6671A,N6784A,N8755A,N8731A,N5770A,6629A,N7973A,E3647A,N6775A,N6763A,N8736A,N6751A,N8954A,N8930A,E36300 系列,E36340,6063B,E5260A,N5771A,N1259A,6812B,N7972A,E36100,E3646A,6811C,6811B,E36100 系列,N6786A,N8737A,N6774A,N6762A,N8943A,AC6800A 系列,N8955A,N8931A,E3634A,N5772A,N1258A,6813C,6813B,N7951A,6800C,E3649A,E36100B系列,6812C,6800B,AC6800B 系列,N6753A,N8758A,N6741B,N8734A,N6971A,N8952A,N6777A,N8940A,N6765A,EL30000 系列,E5270B,N5761A,N7950A,N7974A,N8700 系列,E3648A,N8759A,N6764A,N6752A,N6970A,N8735A,N8941A,N6776A,RP7982A,6030A,N5750A,N7953A,N7977A,N5762A,N1268A,N8934A,N6743B,N6731B,N8946A,N6973A,E36100B 系列,E3643A,E3631A,N6755A,14585A,CX3300A 系列,6031A,N7976A,N5763A,N5751A,E36300,N7952A,N1267A,N6972A,N8923A,N6790 系列,N8935A,N6742B,E3630A,E3642A,N6766A,N6754A,N5700 系列,N8738A,6032A,6030 系列,N5752A,N5764A,RP7900,B2910BL,N1266A,N6951A,N8932A,N8944A,N8920A,E3645A,N6745B,E3633A,N6733B,N8739A,6033A,N7954A,N5741A,N5765A,66319B,N1265A,N6950A,N8945A,N6732B,N8957A,N8921A,E3632A,E3620A,N6756A,N6974A,E3644A,N6744B,66319D
【选型】Keysight(是德科技)通用及基础测量仪器样本
目录- 示波器和探头 数字万用表 数字采集和开关 频率计数器、函数和任意波形发生器 电源 射频仪表
型号- U1272A,34460A,34133A,53140,N5742A,N5766A,E4980ALU-050,N2919A,N576XA,N5439A,6644A,661XC-220,54600S,34905A,3446MEMU,3000X,U2700,N674XB,34132A,34132B,53150,N5743A,53151,N5767A,661XC-OL2,664XA,3024T,N2918A,6621A,3000T,53152,6645A,N2918B,N9310A-1CM,661XC-230,U1273A,34904A,U1620,E364XA-1CM,N6746B,3000X,DSOXGPIB,N8948A,1000,34131A,DSOX4AUTO,N5744A,N5768A,N2917B,6622A,N3300A,8120-4383,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORDN2801A,34903A,663XB-0B3,DSOX4SENSOR,N8900A,66102A,N6701A,E5387A,66000,U1271A,N8949A,66002A 66001A,11059A,6624A,N5745A,668XA-0B3,8120-5488,N5769A,3022T,6623A,N3301A,33500,8120-5489,34902A,66101A,N9340B-AMA,N2916B,U1600,N6700B,33509B,N7020A,6625A,DSOXLAN,4000X,N3302A,N5746A,8120-5413,8120-6502,N2874,8120-5412,N574XA,U1604A,8120-6980,34901A,34925A,66104A,8120-6507,N2915A,8120-5414,U2802A,66321D,N9310A-1HB,DSO1072B,66321B,663XB-760,B2902A,4000X,6626A,N3303A,N5747A,8120-5421,N2829A,N2862,600,66103A,34924A,N2805A,N6702A,N6705B,N9330B,668XA-909,B2901A,6627A,668XA-908,N3304A,U1602A,N2828A,N5748A,34923A,34947A,8120-8705,N2804A,66106A,6628A,891A,669XA-0L2,N3305A,N5749A,34922A,E5805A,34946A,N2827A,60XX-220,N2803A,66105A,U8001A,DSOX4EMBD,N2849A-68701,1000B,3000,1000A,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD54600S,N3306A,DSOX4MASK,U1600A,U1210,N2791A/N2891A,34921A,6575A,34945A,1158A,6551A,6684A,3446SECU,N2826A,5485X,N2802A,E363XA-0L2,1134A,DSO1052B,34172B,N3307A,657XA,U3400,6552A,N2801A,60XX-240,5462X,N2825A,34171B,N9340B-ADP,DSOX2000,33612A,33503A,1131A,N9310A,663XB-8ZJ,U1731B,6553A,N2800A,N3300A-UJ1,N2739A,N2848A,N2824A,8121-0695,8121-0694,DSOX2APPBNDL,33611A,B2960A,U8002A,E4980ALU-201,N33313A,1132A,DSOX2AUTO,8120-43831,U3606A,U1732B,6554A,34942A,681XB-1CP,BNC,1157A,U3606B,5464X,681XB-1CM,2000 X,N2738A,DSOX3ADVMATH,6551,N9340B-ABJ,8120-5490,8121-1330,N9340B-ABA,2000X,8121-1331,655XA,8120-8767,53100,8120-8768,34941A,6555A,34832A,663XB-120,N2822A,N9340B-AB2,3000TX,33500B,N5,N9330B-ADP,1130A,U2600A,N9340B-PA3,DSOX3EMBD,200,6641A,669XA-0B3,1131.,N2821A,DSOX3MASK,4000 X,5000,N3300,AC6800,6642A,34830A,N7900,N2820A,N2759A,33522A,33522B,1180CZ,663XB-100,DSOX4COMP,N9310A-1T,N9340B-TG3,6643A,N2867A,N2843A,U1401B,N9340B-INM,AC6804A,DSOX3AUDIO,34840B,DSOX4FLEX,669XA-908,669XA-909,N2733A,N2866B,N2733B,3458A-002,DSOX2EMBD,3458A-001,E2695A,DSO1012A,34972A,N9310A-1TC,60001,N2889A,N2756A,6063B-020,N2732A,AC6802A,6000A,U1270,6000X,DSO1014A,U1880A,N9340B-TAD,90000 X,663XB-020,N2779A,N2888A,6000L,DSOX3COMP,E2697A,N2863B,AC6803A,U2751A,34970A,L4411A,6000X,34401A,N9330B-202,N9330B-203,U1881A,N9330B-201,N2778A,N2887A,54826,8120-1689,7000,N2862B,E4980A-710,668XA-208,54830,U1250,DSOXEDK,6571A,681XB-208,N875XA,N2777A,6680A,N8756A,N8732A,N8950A,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD1163A,E3610-17A,AC6801A,DSOX3FLEX,681XB-200,10070D,N2885A,N2752A,N5440A,E3451B,81180A,U2531A,54600,6572A,E4980AL-100,6681A,N8757A,N2776A,U3402A,N8733A,53147A,8120-2956,N8951A,681XB-230,N2884A,N2751A,N7971A,DSO1102B,6641A-45A,DSOX2COMP,64997A,6682A,U1230,6573A,U3401A,N6773A,B2980A,N8754A,N7970A,N2750A,DCA-J 86100D,53230A,6813B-019,N5442A,6631BA,8120,6574A,6683A,54620,U1240,N8755A,5484X,N8731A,N2797A,N5770A,N2882A,N873XA,N5443A,34420A,N7973A,10073D,DSOXDVM,E2678A,80000,N28,N6775A,N8736A,8120-2104,N6751A,N8954A,DSOX4PWR,N2881A,E2655C,6063B,N2796A,N5444A,P66321B,N5771A,6812B,N7972A,10074D,E2679A,N5468A,N9340B-XDM,6811B,11053A,9000X,N8737A,N6774A,DSOX3MSO,N8955A,E3634A,N2771B,N2880A,DSOXPERFMSO,N6450,N2795A,N5772A,N5469A,9000,6813B,N5445A,U2356A,8121-6203,N7951A,N6459,N6753A,N8758A,U1242B,N6971A,N8734A,33220A,N8952A,N6777A,681XB-026,53181A,681XB-020,U2331A,661XC-760,10072A,N7950A,60XX-0B3,U2355A,N7974A,DSOX4AUDIO,34465A,E5813A,34138A,E4356A-909,E4356A-908,U1461A,N8759A,N6752A,N6970A,N8735A,N677XB,N6776A,N2793A,N9340B-IBC,U1591A,11058A,U2354A,N5750A,N7953A,N7977A,N5447A,N5423A,E5810B,E5810A,N6731B,N6973A,N2914,DSOX4APPBNDL,661XC-0B3,E3631A,N6755A,N2792A,DSOX3VID,E2675A,DSOX2MASKM,34330A,U2353A,N7976A,E4980AL,N5751A,N9340B-1TC,N5448A,N5424A,N7952A,34136A,DSOX2SEM,N3331A,N6972A,U1241B,E3630A,DSOX4AERO,34908A,N6754A,E2676A,N2791A,N9330B-1TC,N8738A,10075A,U2352A,N5752A,N5425A,U1452AT,3000T X,N577XA,N5449A,DSOXT3DVMCTR,7000B,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD10076C\,3000 X,U2700 USB,U1177A,N6951A,E363XA-1CM,N2836A-68701,34907A,E3633A,N6733B,E2677A,N9310A-001,N2790A,N675XA,66000A-909,E4980A-301,N8739A,66000A-908,N7954A,10076B,34134A,10076C,U2351A,N5426A,34461A,66319B,8120-4753,N6732B,N6950A,N8957A,E3632A,34906A,N6756A,N6974A,66319D,N9330B-BCG,B2911A,N2111A,8120-5570,N9340B,E2614A,1161A,DSOX3AERO,6632B,8120-5572,N1022B,8120-5573,33250A,54830S,8120-5337,N6735B,N6977A,N6711A,N6953A,661XC-100,1162A,E2615A,6633B,34945EXT,N9330B-BAT,3012T,8120-5342,N6710B,66002A,N6976A,90000Z,N6734B,N6952A,DSOX4WAVEGEN2,90000X,U8031A,663XB-1CM,90000Q,663XB-1CP,34470A,E2616A,N575XA,6634B,8120-6204,661XC-120,90000A,66332A,6651A-55,DSOX2WAVEGEN,34939A,N673XB,1132,1131,82351A,1160A,N2819A,6611C,3034T,N5406A,8120-8871,66000A-0L2,34938A,N6736B,N6954A,N6712A,90000,E5396A,N9320B,6612C,N2818A,E
【选型】Keysight(是德科技)Agilent 射频和微波开关选型指南
目录- 射频和微波开关产品系列 机电同轴开关特性 机电开关产品性能 机电开关的典型应用 固态开关特性 低视频泄漏和超快的稳定时间 固态开关典型应用 驱动开关 11713B/C衰减器/开关驱动器典型应用 选择正确的开关技术 机电(EM)开关选型表 机电开关订货信息 衰减器/开关驱动器订货信息
型号- 87106D,N1812UL,8766K,87106A,87106C,87106B,11713B-401,11713B-801,U9397C,U9397A,L7104D,11713B-001,L7104B,34945A,L7104C,L7104A,L4490A,70611A,8765F,11764-60004,8765D,U1810TL,P9400,8765B,87606B,8765C,8765A,P9404,P9402,L4445A,11713C-601,11713C-201,11713-60043,11713-60042,11713-60044,11713-60047,5061-0969,8768M,8768K,U9397,11713B-908,11713B-909,P9400C,P9400A,11713B-501,11761-60001,U9400C,U9400A,11713B-101,SP2T,87204C,8767M,8767K,87204B,87204A,87406B,5061-9496,11713C-701,11713C-301,L4491A,N181X,11713B,5063-9212,11713A,P9373C,11713C,N1810UL,8762F,8762C,P9397A,8762A,8762B,P9402C,8764CL,SPDT,P9402A,11713B-601,11713B-201,FET SPDT,85331,5064-7848,SP4T,85332,85331B,8120-2703,87130A,N1810TL,87206B,8769M,87206A,8761B,8769K,87206C,11713C-001,8761A,34980A,11713C-801,L7222C,11713C-401,87106,SP3T,L7206C,87104,L7206A,L7206B,87222D,87222C,87222,87222E,85332B,87104C,87104B,87104D,87104A,8764C,11713B-301,8764A,8764B,P9404C,11713B-701,P9404A,L7106D,L7106B,L7106C,L7106A,SP6T,8762,N1811TL,L7104,8765,L7106,5063-9240,8763,8764,8763B,8763C,11713C-101,8763A,L7222,11713C-501,L7204C,L7204A,U9400,11713C-908,L7204B,11713C-909,SP5T
Keysight(是德科技)数据采集系统和开关解决方案产品选型指南
目录- DAQ970A / DAQ973A Data Acquisition System and Modules 34980A Data Acquisition System and Modules USB Data Acquisition Mainframe and Modules
型号- DAQ970A,U2354A,DAQM905A,DAQM909A,U2653A,34941A,U2300,DAQM900A,34921A,34945A,34933A,34925A,34937A,DAQ973A,U2802A,U2781A,U2353A,DAQM902A,U2652A,34980A,U2300 SERIES,34945EXT,34952A,34932A,DAQM901A,34924A,U2651A,U2352A,DAQM903A,U2356A,DAQM907A,U2600 SERIES,34951A,34931A,34923A,34947A,34959A,U2600,34939A,DAQM904A,U2331A,U2351A,DAQM908A,U2751A,U2355A,34950A,34942A,34934A,34922A,34946A,34938A
Keysight(是德科技)信号发生器选型指南(中文)
目录- 信号发生器简介 信号发生器的频率范围 信号发生器产品类别 信号发生器主要技术指标对比 应用软件、核心功能和软件对比 Signal Studio 软件 台式 模块化
型号- M9383B,N5194A,M9381A,N5193A,M9380A,N5166B,N5191A,N5181B,N5182B,N5171B,N5172B,N5183B,N5173B,E8257D,E8663D,N5102A,N9310A,E8267D,N5182BX07,M9383A,M9384B,M9484C
Keysight(是德科技)Infiniium 示波器探头和附件选型指南(英文)
目录- Probe Compatibility Table InfiniiMax Active Probe System Overview Optical-to-Electrical Converter Active Termination Adapter InfiniiMode Active Probes Single-Ended Active Probes General Purpose Differential Active Probes AC/DC Current Probes High-Sensitivity Current Probe General Purpose Passive Probes High Voltage Passive Probe Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Logic Probes and Accessories Probing Accessories
型号- N2830A,N7008A,N7040A,P6241,P6243,E2614A,P6245,1250-4403,P6246,P6247,P6248,P6249,N5439A,N1022B,MX0103A,N2878A,N4839A,N27891A,N7007A,P6701B,P6250,P6251,E2615A,N2768A,N2877A,N2744A,90000X,N7042A,E2616A,MX0105A,90000 X,90000A,E5404A,N4829A,N2779A,N2888A,N2876A,N2750A SERIES,E2697A,N2851A,N7009A,N5450B,1160A-65A,N7041A,N2819A,P6711,N280XA,P5210A,P6713,P6703B,N2778A,N2766A,N2887A,N2875A,E5396A,MV-23,N4863A,N2874A,N5451A,N7020A,N7032A,P6205,N2818A,N2789A,0960-2907,N2777A,54904-61622,0960-2908,E5385A,N4864A,10070D,N4840A,N2885A,N2873A,N2752A,N5440A,MX0106A,90000 SERIES,N2829A,N2817A,N2776A,N2805A,N4853A,E5394A,N4841A,N2884A,N2751A,N2872A,MX0109A,N5477A,N7010A,N7022A,N2828A,54850,N2787A,N2816A,N2804A,N4842A,N2870A-76A,N4854A,N2786A,E5383B,N2750A,N2871A,N5442A,N7021A,N7033A,E2613A,N2839A,9000A,N2848,N2827A,N2803A,E2678B,N4831A,N2870A,N4843A,N2797A,N2785A,N5443A,N7000A,N7024A,10073D,80000,DP0002A,10467-68701,N2838A,N2826A,N2802A,N2881A,E2643A,E2655C,N2796A,N2784A,N2893A,1134B,1146B,N5444A,N7023A,E2679B,DP0001A,P5205,1147B,1147A,N2801A,N2849A,N2825A,N4844A,N2783B,E2644A,N7026A,N2880A,N5380B,N2795A,P5205A,N2783L,P5210,1131B,N5445A,N7002A,E2668B,N2812A,N2848A,N2836A,N2824A,N4845A,N2891A,N2782B,N5381B,N2697A,1168B,1132B,10072A,N7001A,E2669B,MX0023A,1169B,N2823A,N4846A,TCP202,N4822A,N2835A,N5446A-006,N7004A,N5446A-005,N2781B,N5446A-004,N5446A-003,10077A,N5446A-002,N5447A,N5446A-001,90000 Q-SERIES,N2822A,N7003A,N2780B,E2675B,10 076C,1130B,N5448B,5959-9334,N2833A,N2821A,E5346A,N4836A,10085-68701,N2791A,E2676B,N7006A,01650-61609,N700XA,10075A,N5425B,5968-4632E,N5449A,N2832A,N4837A,N2832B,N2820A,E2677B,N7005A,N2790A,11447B,N2831B,10076C,N5426A,MX0100A,N7042 A,N2831A,N4838A,5090-4833,N2879A
【选型】Keysight(是德科技)网络分析仪产品选型指南(中文)
目录- 网络分析仪产品简介 通用网络分析仪 ENA和精简系列USB矢量网络分析仪 PNA系列矢量网络分析仪 多端口测试仪/射频和微波固态开关/PXI多端口网络分析仪 PNA毫米波系统 手持式微波分析仪
型号- M9165B,N5221B,PNA-X,N5241B,N9914B,N5225B,N5245B,N5249B,N9950A,E5080B,E5080A,E5092A,E5072A,N9918B,N9951A,N5290A,N5242B,P916XB,P937XA,P916XA,N5234B,N5222B,M9808A,M9804A,P502XA,E5071C,E5063A,M9375A,P937XA 系列,PNA-L 系列,N9952A,N5231B,PNA 系列,P9165B,P9375A,N5247B,N5235B,N5239B,N5227B,P9370A,M9164B,P9164B,N5232B,N9913B,N5224B,P5008A,N5244B,M9019A,N529XA,PNA-X 系列,M980XA,P50XXA,P5024A,P5028A,E5061B
【选型】Keysight(是德科技)噪声系数测试仪选型指南
目录- 噪声系数概述 测量不确定度 噪声系数测量系统的组成 噪声系数分析仪 X系列信号分析仪(PXA/MXA/EXA/CXA) PNA-X微波网络分析仪 SNS系列智能噪声源 346系列传统噪声源 347系列高频噪声源 噪声源测试仪
型号- PNA,N2002A,PNA-X,N5241A,K40,NFA,N9069C,N5245A,H29,550,N8975AZ - K50,N8975AZ - K98,N8975AZ - K99,N8974B,N5242A,K50,N9010B,N9030A-526,N8975AZ - K40,N2002-90001,N8975AZ - K88,PXA,526,N4000A,N8975B,N8975A,K 系列,R347B,8510,K63,Q347B,N9030B,N8975AZ - K75,SNS,N4001A,N8976B,W9069C,NFA X,N5244A,346CK40,346CK01,N9020B,CXA,N9000B,EXA,N8975AZ - K63,X ÏΜÁÐ,X 系列,543,346,544,N9020A-526,347,028,MXA,029,N4002A,346C,346B,346A,N8973B
Keysight(是德科技)53200系列射频和通用频率计数器/计时器选型指南
目录- RF and Universal Frequency Counters/Timers Abbreviated Characteristics and Specifications RF and Universal Frequency Counters/Timers Ordering Information
型号- N2870A,531XXA FAMILY,34190A,34191A,53181A,N2874A,N2873A,53131A,53230A,53200 SERIES,34131A,53200 FAMILY,1250-1476,34194A,53200,53220A,53132A,531XXA,53210A
【选型】Keysight(是德科技)功率计和功率传感器选型指南
目录- 功率计和功率传感器产品 功率计和功率传感器关键特性 功率计和功率传感器应用领域与解决方案 用于简化数据捕获的功率测量软件 无线通信功率计选型图表 功率传感器选型图表 功率计和传感器兼容性表
型号- U8480,E932X,EPM-P E4416A,U2020XA,848X,U2040 X,8483A,E9326A,E4413A,U8485A,E9301H,U2020,8483A 75,E9301A,N8481B,E 系列,N8481A,E9301B,U200X,V8486A,EPM-P E4417A,N8481H,E9325A,E4416A EPM-P,N8480,E4412A,N1914A,E9300H,W8486A,N8482B,U2042XA,E9300B,N8482A,E9300A,N432A,N2044XA,E930X,U2021XA,8990B,8485D,U8487A,E441X,N1913A,U2022-90001,N1913A EPM,U2000,E9323A,N8487A,N1911A P,R8486D,E4417A EPM-P,U2004A,N1912A,N1924A,N8488A,478A- H76,N1922A P,N191XA-200,N8262A P,P 系列,U2041XA,N8262A,E9322A,E4410,N1912A P,U2049XA,U2022XA,8487D,N1911A,N1923A,E8486A,U8481A,BV0007B,U8489A,E9321A,N8485A,N192X,N20494XA,V3500A,E4419B EPM,848XD,N1914A EPM,U8488A,N1922A,U2002A,U2002H,U2020 X,E9300,U2044XA,Q8486D,8481D,N8482H,E9304A,478A-H75,478A-H76,U2040,N1921A,U2001B,U2001A,478A,N8486AQ,N8486AR,N1921,U2001H,U848X,8486,E9327A,U2000B,U2000A,N848X,E9300 E,U2000H,E4418B EPM,N1913,U2043XA
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