【应用】Littelfuse TVS二极管阵列在汽车发动机冷却系统上的应用
当发动机工作时,冷却系统通过控制冷却液的温度,使发动机达到相应工况下的最佳性能。因此,发动机冷却系统是发动机长时间稳定工作的保证。静电放电(ESD)是一种常见的自然干扰源,且通常是不可预测的,在发动机冷却系统中,与微控制器相连接的I/O接口很可能成为ESD进入系统的通道,因此要加入ESD保护设计。
图1 发动机冷却系统的框架图
LITTELFUSE(力特保险丝)公司推出的AQ1系列和AQ24C TVS二极管阵列能够保护敏感电子设备免受ESD的破坏,为车内的I/O接口和LIN总线提供理想的保护方案。
TVS二极管阵列是将多个TVS二极管整合到了同一包装内,因此可以提供多通道的保护。将TVS二极管阵列并联到被保护的电路上,当电路中出现快速瞬态电压时,TVS二极管阵列会吸收瞬变,引开电流,并将电压箝制在规定值以内。在过电压故障条件下,针对指定的电流波形,TVS二极管阵列必须具有较低的箝位电压。正常运行时,为了不影响电源负载,TVS二极管阵列的反向峰值电压必须大于被保护电路的供电/工作电压,且具有较小的反向漏电流。
AQ1系列TVS二极管阵列包括AQ1003-01ETG 系列、AQ1003-01LTG 系列、AQ1005系列、AQ1006系列和AQ1026系列。其中AQ1005系列和AQ1026系列是双向的,其余均为单向。AQ1系列TVS二极管阵列能够吸收±30kV的重复性接触放电和空气放电,超过了IEC61000-4-2标准中规定的最严酷等级(±8kV的接触放电,±15kV的空气放电),并且性能不受影响。针对8/20µs波形,当峰值电流为1A时,AQ1005系列、AQ1006系列和AQ1026系列的箝位电压典型值分别为9.3V、8.3V和12V;当峰值电流为2A时,AQ1005系列、AQ1006系列和AQ1026系列的箝位电压典型值分别10V、9.2V和13.4V;当峰值电流分别为6A和7A时,AQ1003-01ETG 系列的箝位电压典型值分别为11.4V和12V;对于同一电流波形,较低的箝位电压能更好地保护器件。用1μA反向漏电流测得的AQ1系列TVS二极管阵列的反向峰值电压为5V或6V,适用于小电压电路。在5V的反向电压下,实际测得的反向漏电流不超过0.5μA,对电路造成的影响很小。在反向偏置电压为0V或2.5V,速率为1MHz的测试条件下,AQ1系列TVS二极管阵列的电容为12pF~30pF,适合用在低速运行的电路中。
图2 AQ1003-01ETG 系列(左)、AQ1003-01LTG 系列(右)TVS二极管阵列的外观图
AQ24C TVS二极管阵列是AQxxC-01FTG系列中的一种,是专为替代低速和DC应用电子设备中的多层压敏电阻而设计的,可以吸收±30kV的重复性接触放电和空气放电,且性能不受影响。针对8/20µs波形,AQ24C TVS二极管阵列能够抵挡功率不超过450W的瞬态脉冲;当峰值电流为1A时,AQ24C的最大箝位电压是36V;当峰值电流为5A时,AQ24C的最大箝位电压是42V;反向峰值电压是24V,适用于大部分的汽车电路。在反向峰值电压下,实际测得的反向漏电流不超过1μA,对电路的影响较小。
图3 AQxxC-01FTG系列TVS二极管阵列的外观图
总结
Littelfuse公司的AQ1系列和AQ24C TVS二极管阵列均能吸收超过IEC61000-4-2标准中规定的最严酷等级的重复性接触放电和空气放电,且性能不受影响,箝位电压稳定且反向漏电流小,因此是设计师在为发动机冷却系统选择ESD保护器件时的理想之选。
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目录- Company profile Circuit Protection Technologies Overcurrent/Overvoltage Protection device ESD Suppression Solutions Overcurrent Protection/Overvoltage Protection Applications Common Circuit Threatsand Protection Solutions Fuses Fuse Holders PPTC Devices Varistors Gas Discharge Tubes ESD Suppressors TVS Diode Arrays Protection Ics TVS Diodes PLED Bypass Protectors SIDACtor® Protection Thyristors Circuit Breakers
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208,251,494,PLEDXUX,253,SD,SE,SG,SH,259,4.0SMDJ,SL1002A,SM,15KPA-HRA,15KPA-HR,GTCX37-XXXM-R10,102074,102076,102079,102078,NANOSMDCH,GTCA28-XXXM-R03,NY61AP,262,102071,263,265,266,3.0SMC,267,DSLP,268,269,LOW RHOPTC,520 002,520 003,520 004,SL1003A,520 005,1KSMB,345101,MLA,LS24062RQ23,1210L,AQ36CANA-02HTG,445073,MLE,MHP-TAM15,272,273,MLN,M-SERIES,274,E-SERIES,275,278,279,AQ3102-02HTG,MHP-TAC6,803-01,MHP-TA,285,AQ3041,SMBLCE-HRA,PLEDXUSXA,SP4322-01ETG,AQ3045,TP1.5KE,SP4208,SC1205-01ETG,820-20 SERIES,354 SERIES,CG33.0L,SP11XX,359 SERIES,MS-SERIES,111 SERIES,100 SERIES,NANOSMDC,346877,PICOASMDCH010F-2,340 SERIES,AHRF300,AHEF,342025,342024,342021,ZA,AQ3400,XGD,FH604,AQ1250-01ETG,PXXX3ACMC,FH602,PXXX6U,SP4010,342006,PLEDXN,SZD200,HG34,PLEDXS-A,J-SERIES,824 SERIES,FEMTOASMDC,ITV5432 30A,AK6-Y,557 SERIES,SL1021A,SL1021B,SP4020,SP4022,SP4021,SMDCH,SP4024,281010,SP4023,PLED,MINISMDC,AXXXXUX6,254 011 - 008,SMTAK3,PXXX0Q22XLH,MHP-TAM6,AK15,445005,281007,154T,281008,281005,AK10,AQ1005,51800001009,PXXXXS4X,ITMOV,354701 SERIES,483A,445004,LS05006VPQ33,SP4044,BXXX1UC4,SP4045,5200001,SMBJ,AQXX-01LTG,AQ7538-08UTG,SP1064E-04UTG,TCF250,SMTOAK2,SMAJ,AQ7520-08UTG,PXXX3AX,NANOASMDC,461E,811 SERIES,800 SERIES,157T,FC51,PXXX1U,PXXX1S,TRF250,SMBJ-HRA,SMDJ,CG3,SP3384NUTG,CG2,CG5,CG4,2205,CG7,B3XX4UX,CG6,VLP,VLR,0603L,PLEDXUX-A,SMCJ,PICOASMDC,LS0504EDD12,SMD2,PXXX0Q22C,GTCX35-XXXM-R05,SMDJ-HR,SMDC,TMOV34S,AHRF,440A,AXGD10603NR,K-SERIES,TPSMC-VR,H-SERIES,SZ1SMB,SZ1SMC,SZ1SMA,219XA,AK20-Y,ITV9550L2030MR,441A,SZ1.5SMC,SP1250-01ETG,C-SERIES,SC1210-01ETG,TB-SERIES,0402L,ITV9550 45A,AHRL,DHB34,FHN26W,AUML,TP6KE,LTKAK3,AQRV05-4HTG,LTKAK2,72R,977,TLP,LTKAK6,AQ15CANA-02HTG,PXXX3AC,SP3205-01ETG,501,3452 SERIES,504,505,506,507,GTCX23-XXXM-R01,508,8.0SMDJ,PXXX3U,100060,100061,100062,122090,100063,100064,100065,PXXX0SX,100066,SC1533-01LTG,SPHV-C,AHS,122093,150318,TS600,150319,150316,150317,150315,AQ3102-02JTG,150312,513,514,100058,100059,2016L,286377,122088,122087,559 SERIES,122083,GTCX26-XXXM-R05,521,523,AK15-Y,100067,526,150322,527,PXXX2SXLH,SL1411A,AK1,AK3,AK6,VTP,422A,SMCJ-HRA,ASMD,C-III,SR70,0805L,860 SERIES,RHEF,SMF3.3,303,304,305,308,35409,35408,35407,35406,TPSMA6L,PXXX2SX,SP724,SP725,SC1115-01UTG,TSL250,LOW RHO,HMOV,SP723,SP720,SP721,312,313,30R,314,556,315,557,559,318,SLD6S,SP1305,SP712,560,562,322,564,324,325,326,328,SLD5S,CX-SERIES,570,571,332,SLD8S,PXXX0SD,576,TRF600,PICOSMDC,3.0SMCJ,SZSMF,LS1205EVD33,SP1326,AQ12CANA-02HTG,340,150307,100,342,FHN20G,344,345,35407 SERIES,348,SMAJ-HRA,150300,AUMOV,LTKAK10,445 SERIES,SC1333-01ETG,RUEF,GTCX25-XXXM-R02,GTCX25-XXXM-R05,LS0502SCD33,111,354,356,52000001009,359,824-20,SP3420,150274,RUSBF,SP1003,SP3422,PXXX0ME,564 SERIES,SP2555NUTG,51900001009,10207101009,520 101,369,SL1122A,571 SERIES,SP1233,AQ2555NUTG,SP1255P,600R,PXXX4UX,WB07B0606LG,370,372,1.5SMC,TLPA,373,1.5SMB,374,SZSMF4L,377,820 SERIES,254 131,PXXX1CX2,SEPXXXXQ38,00300210,SZW200,TP5.0SMDJ,523 SERIES,SP1005,SP1006,CG32.0L,382,AQ1205-01FTG,383,385,35409 SERIES,407A,V14H460AUTO,SMA6L,391,392,CG32.5L,N-SERIES,SMA6J,395,3425L,F-SERIES,154,396,397,398,157,399,159,SC1122-01UT
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