【技术】半导体放电管的工作原理

时间： 2023-04-21 来源：嘉兴南电官网

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半导体放电管是一种过压保护装置，它是利用晶闸管原理制成的。它依靠PN结的击穿电流触发装置导通放电，可以流过大的浪涌电流或脉冲电流。那么半导体放电管的工作原理是什么？本文嘉兴南电来为大家介绍。

半导体放电管，又称固体放电管，是一种PNP元件，当外加电压低于断电压时，设备处于断开状态；当电压超过其断电峰值电压时，半导体放电管会将瞬态电压钳制在元件的转换电压中；当电压继续增加时，半导体放电管由于负阻效应进入导通状态，此时几乎短路；当外加电压恢复正常时，电流会迅速下降，低于维持电流，元件会自动复位，恢复到高阻抗状态。

它是一种基于可控硅原理和结构的二端负阻装置，用于保护敏感易损的集成电路，避免雷电和突然波动造成的损坏。它采用先进的气力注入技术，具有导通准确、响应快、电涌吸收组能力强、可靠性高的特点；广泛应用于程序控制交换机、电话机、传真机、配线架、XDSL、通信接口、通信发射设备等所有需要防雷保护的领域，以保护内部集成电路免受瞬时过电压的冲击和损坏。

半导体放电管特性参数：

①断电电压VRM和漏电流IRM：断电电压VRM表示半导体过电压保护器不通电的最高电压，该电压下只有少量漏电流IRM。

②破坏电压VBR：通过规定的测试电流IR（一般为1mA）时的电压，表示半导体过压保护器开始通电的标志电压。

③转换电压VBO和转换电流IBO：当电压升高到转换电压VBO时，半导体过压保护器完全通过，呈现小阻抗，两端电压VT立即降至非常低的值（一般在5V左右）。

④峰值脉冲电流IPP：半导体过压保护器能承受的最大脉冲电流。

⑤维持电流IH：半导体过压保护器继续保持导电状态的最小电流。一旦流过的电流小于维持电流IH，就会恢复到截止状态。

⑥静态电容器c：半导体过压保护器静态电容器值。

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里阳半导体（Liown）汽车行业保护器件选型指南

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2022年08月 - 里阳半导体 - 选型指南代理服务技术支持现货查询批量订货

WAYON 公司介绍电路保护/功率半导体/IC产品

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2023/7/25 - WAYON - 商品及供应商介绍 - V1.0 代理服务技术支持现货查询批量订货

嘉兴南电（JXND）是一家专业、研发、生产销售一体的半导体分立器件的高新企业，公司主要从事研发、制造、销售各类放电管、防雷管、静电保护元件、二极管等过流过压、浪涌保护元器件，年产销各类半导体分立器件350亿只，产品包括从芯片软件开发到工艺制造、表面贴装和轴向插接系列二极管及其他特种器件等上千余个品种。

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代理服务线上商城技术资料

SPxxxxSC DO-214AA TSS Thyristor Surge Suppressors

型号- SP0900SC,SPXXXXSC,SPXXXXSC SERIES,SP0640SC,SP1500SC,SP2600SC,SP2300SC,SP0720SC,SP1800SC,SP4800SC,SP4200SC,SP3100SC,SP0300SC,SP3500SC,SP3800SC,SP1100SC,SP0220SC,SP1300SC,SP0080SC

2023/12/1 - 赛尔特 - 数据手册 - V1.0 代理服务技术支持现货查询批量订货

SPxxxxSB DO-214AA TSS Thyristor Surge Suppressors

型号- SPXXXXSB,SP0640SB,SPXXXXSB SERIES,SP1500SB,SP0900SB,SP2600SB,SP2300SB,SP0720SB,SP4200SB,SP0300SB,SP1800SB,SP3100SB,SP3500SB,SP1100SB,SP3800SB,SP0220SB,SP1300SB,SP0080SB