【技术】从结构、原理、性能参数以及应用对比PPTC与熔断式保险丝的区别

时间： 2022-08-04 来源：优恩半导体

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通常电路过流保护的方式主要有四种，一次性保险丝(熔断式保险丝)、PPTC（自恢复保险丝）、断路器和继电器，其中PPTC自恢复保险丝和熔断式保险丝被广泛使用，那么，你知道PPTC自恢复保险丝与熔断式保险丝有什么区别吗？本文优恩半导体将从结构、原理、性能参数以及应用去对比PPTC与熔断式保险丝的区别。

保险丝.png

一、结构

自恢复保险丝有聚合物PPTC和陶瓷CPTC两类，我们通常用的就是聚合物自恢复保险丝，它是由聚合物树脂和分布在其中的导电颗粒组成，在正常工作下，高分子树脂与晶体结构外的导电粒子紧密结合，形成链状导电通路，在正常工作情况下，自恢复保险丝的电阻很低，为几十毫欧到几欧。

而熔断式保险丝则是由三部分组成：主体、电极端子、支架。主体是其核心，是由低熔点金属丝或金属片制成的熔体，电极端子是连接电路和熔体，具备良好的导电性，支架固定熔体。

二、原理

对于PPTC自恢复保险丝来说，在正常工作时，电流流过它所产生的热能很小，不会改变晶体结构，当电路短路或过载时，大电流产生的热量会熔化聚合物树脂并膨胀基体，从而将炭黑颗粒分离，形成Trip元素。排除故障，再次冷却结晶后，炭黑颗粒再次形成导电通道，恢复低电阻，具体来说，自恢复保险丝的原理就是能量平衡。

至于熔断式保险丝，是当电流过载或短路时，产生的热量大于散热量，热量逐渐积聚在熔体上，一旦温度升高到保险丝的熔点，保险丝熔断，电流被切断，排除故障后无法恢复。

三、性能参数

熔断式保险丝与PPTC自恢复保险丝在内阻、动作时间、安全性能及自恢复方面都有很多不同。

四、应用领域

上述也说到PPTC自恢复保险丝和熔断式保险丝被广泛使用在电路的过流保护上，其实两者在很多领域及应用场景都差不多，在有些情况下，甚至可以互相替代，但在一些敏感器件或电源输入/输出端口的保护应用中，还是熔断式保险丝使用较多，自恢复保险丝通常是用在容易排除故障的热插拔操作接口的非器件故障引起的暂时过流的电路保护。

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本文由犀牛先生转载自优恩半导体，原文标题为:PPTC与熔断式保险丝有什么区别？，本站所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的，且明确注明来源，不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系，我们将立即进行删除处理。

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音特电子（Yint Electronics）自恢复保险丝（PPTC）选型指南

描述- YINT提供的正温度系数聚合物（PPTC）作为一种过流保护器件，可以减少保修，维护和维修成本。是异常过电流频繁区域设备或者高可靠性设备的理想选择。常被应用在消费电子，电源线，电信，I/O口，过程控制和医疗设备。

型号- 30V-050,SMD1206-005,250V-145,SMD0805-035,30V-600,1210,0805,72V-300,16V-110,16V-1000,SMD2920-300,SMD1206-110,SMD1812-075,SMD0603-100,6V-090,30V-185,SMD0805-020,16V-800,1812 SERIES,16V-120,SMD1210-110,SMD1812-160,SMD1206-100,600V-110,60V-300,250V-800,30V-075,1206 SERIES,SMD0805-010,250V-120,30V-500,6V-075,16V-250,16V-135,SMD2920-200,16V-1100,SMD1812-050,250V SERIES,SMD2018-100,16V-700,SMD0805-125,6V-185,600V,60V SERIES,250V-1400,SMD2920-075,72V-075,30V-135,SMD1812-300,30V-250,60V-005,250V-500,SMD0805-110,30V-800,60V-010,SMD2018-150,60V-250,SMD2018-030,16V SERIES,250V-060,72V-500,600V-060,2920 SERIES,250V-180,0603,1812,16V-1200,SMD1206-150,SMD1206-035,SMD2920-185,16V-160,60V-135,60V-375,60V-017,16V-600,SMD0805-100,60V-020,SMD1206-020,600V-030,SMD1206-025,6V-160,2018 SERIES,250V-600,72V-090,16V,2920,30V-700,60V-110,250V-040,600V-160,72V,600V-040,60V,30V-160,SMD1206-010,SMD1206-012,SMD2018,30V-040,16V-500,2018,250V-050,16V-185,600V-150,600V SERIES,250V-1200,72V-030,SMD0603-075,SMD2920,6V-135,60V-050,250V-300,6V-250,SMD2920-150,16V-075,SMD2920-030,72V-025,250V-2000,SMD1206-075,72V-040,SMD1812-110,16V-1400,72V-160,SMD1812-350,1210 SERIES,0603 SERIES,16V-400,6V-120,60V-065,60V-185,SMD1210-075,SMD2920-260,SMD1812-200,16V-090,72V-050,60V-025,30V-110,SMD0603-050,250V-400,30V-900,SMD2018-050,6V-110,60V-030,SMD2920-050,250V-080,600V-080,72V-185,72V-065,SMD0603,SMD1812,60V-160,60V-040,SMD1210-050,250V-1000,SMD1206-050,250V-090,16V-300,SMD1206-200,72V SERIES,30V-090,72V-110,SMD1812-260,SMD0603-035,SMD1812-020,SMD0805-075,6V SERIES,30V-400,0805 SERIES,SMD1210-020,30V,60V-090,600V-200,SMD1812-150,SMD0603-025,SMD1812-030,SMD2920-100,30V-300,SMD0603-020,SMD2018-200,250V-1500,250V-110,30V SERIES,SMD1210-150,SMD1210-035,250V,SMD1210-005,72V-250,72V-375,72V-010,SMD0603-010,SMD1812-125,SMD1206,60V-500,250V-200,60V-075,72V-005,SMD2920-250,SMD0805-050,SMD1812-010,SMD2920-125,72V-020,SMD0805,30V-200,SMD1812-014,1206,SMD1210,16V-900,72V-135,SMD1210-010,72V-017

选型指南 - 音特电子 - 2019/4/8 PDF 中文下载

竞沃(TLC) 过流保护产品(PPTC/FUSE/ESD)选型指南（英文-详细版）

目录- company profile PPTC Resettable Fuse Basic Characteristics One Time SMD Fuse Base Characteristics PPTC Resettable Fuse Series One Time Fuse Series ESD Suppressor Series PPTC Resettable Fuse Cross Reference SMD Solder Reflow Recommendations SMD FUSE Cross Reference

型号- FSMD110-1206R,SMD0805P110SLR,SMD0603P075SLR,SMD1812P300SLR,06 110,FSMD300-2920-R,1812L350SL,MICROSMD075F,RLD16P600GF,SMD1812P150TF/8,SMD1210P400SLR,FSMD075-R,FSL450LF-N,RXEF030,TLC-NSML750,TRE055,MICROSMD050F,MF-NSML700,FSMD150-12R,FRVL017-120F,FSMD370RZ,16R1100G,TLC-USML600,SMD1206P700SLR,TRE050,SMD0805P010TF,60R160,0603L150SL,MF-RX012/250U,06 100,RLD16P185BF,RLD30P090UF,1812L700SL,RLD30P135UF,72R090X,TLC-NSML500,RXEF040,SMD1812P850SLR,MINISMDC110F/16,12 100 1.5,RGEF800,MF-MFMF160,TLC-MSMD150,MF-USMF005,FRH110-250VF,FRU135-30F,FRH080-250VF,TRE040,LVR055S,PICOSMDCHOS,MF-LR190,30R090,MF-R500,TRA1400,MXP370,TRF600-160,FSMD200-1210RZ,FRK065-60F,TRB SERIES,FSMD110-24R,RUSBF185,FSMD050-1210-R,SLD270,RXEF250,TRE035,MF-MFMF150,FEMTOSMDC020F,TLC-MSMD160,SMD1210P005TF,TLV310,RXEF017,FRVL075-120F,TRC090,FSMD500RZ,RLD72P050XF,TRE030,SMD1812P050TF,RXEF010,TLV550,RLD60P375XF,PICOSMDC200LR-T,FSMD110-1206RZ,TLC-FSMD050,NSMD/L1206,FRG1200-16F,TRA900,15LR550,RXEF020,1210L380SL,TRE025,FRK250-60F,TLV300,SMD2920P050TF,12 113 0.25,RXEF025,TLC-NSML380L,TLC-LSMD500,TLC-MSMD020/60,TRE020,LVR033S,MXP190,RUSBF160,PICOSMDCOIOS,SMD0805P200SLR,TVS SERIES,60R375,SMD2920P185TF,FRU160-30F,60R135,NANOSMDC150F,TRC075,1210L200,FRVL025-120F,TRE010,TRF100,SLD250,TLC-NSML550,TRE017,TRE015,RLD16P500GF,FLR260F,1812L450SL,TLV730,TRE250,FRG700-16F,FSMD450-1210RZ,MF-S420,FRVL010-120F,TLC-MSMD110,MXP180,FSMD160-16R,RUSBF155,TRG SERIES,RUEF160,FSMD035-0805-R,FSMD020-R,TLC-NSML300,TRC065,SMD1206D012TF,FSMD175-1210RZ,PICOSMDC020S,RXEF005,1812L800SL,MF-RX014/250,LVR075S,SMD2920P030TF,SMD300F,SMD1206D110TF,FSMD020-1210-R,TLC-MSMD125,FRVL300-120F,FRV025-240F,MF-R300,MSML1812,TRA1200,60R110,FSMD110-16-R,FSR175F,FSMD020-0402RZ,MINISMDC110F/24,FSMD260-1210RZ,MF-MSML270,FSMD200-1210R,TRC050,FSMD250-2920-R,NSML1206,RUSBF135,SMD2920P150TF,MF-RX160/72,TLC-USMD075,MF-NSMF150,12 113 2.5,0805L110SL,LR4260F,TAL190S,MF-MSML260,TAL190N,RUEF185,TRC040,HVR250P080CF,FSMD050-0402RZ,1812L500SL,SMD1206P600SLR,FSMD010-0805-R,FRU250-30F,TLC-MSML700,SMD1210P300SLR,TLC-MSMD110/24,RUSBF120,RGEF400,HVR250P180CF,TRF018U,TLC-PSMD024,TRC030,1206L380SL,TRB185,TLC-PSMD020,SMD1812P400SLR,RLD06P075BF,FSMD012-1206-R,TLS420,TRA090,RGEF1100,TLC-NSML450L,12 100,1206L260SL,SMD2920P250TF,MF-USML190,SMD100F/33,RUEF800,FSMD160-12R,FSMD075-0805RZ,LRD550F,RUSBF110,TLC-MSMD110/16,MF-PSML175,TRC020,TLC-PSMD035,TRE200,TLC-USMD050,TRC025,12 113 0.375,SMD1206D150TF,3GK SERIES,3GM-C,FSMD175-1210R,MINISMDC300F,1812L270SL,FRV033-240F,TRC017,MF-R900,30R250,MF-MFMF020/60,PICOSMDC050S,MF-RX090/72,TLC-USMD020,TRC250,TRA075,TRC010,16R300G,FRVL375-120F,SMD1210P260SLR,15LR380,MF-R090-0-9,FRV016-240F,TLS200,12 110 1.5,TRB160,TAL250,MF-PSML150,TRM150,SMD125F,MF-USML175,TRC005,FRG600-16F,RLD16P700GF,TLC-PSMD010,TRA065,12 113 0.5,MF-NSMF110,RLD30P300UF,TLC-USMD035,MINISMDC075F/24,SMD1812P900SLR,RLD60P090XF,RLD60P135XF,TLC-LSMD300/24,TAL260,0805L1750SL,06 100 0.375,MF-RX012/250,TLC-MSML900,1812L150/24,FSMD020-60-R,MF-USML380,SRP 2000F,TRA050,USMD1210,LR4190F,TLC-USMD005,LSMD2920,1812L600SL,MF-RX025/72,TRM SERIES,TAL270,ASML0402,1812L150/12,STD120F,SMD1206P175SLR,FSMD075-24R,TLC-NSML700,TRA040,1210L175SL,FRG1300-16F,FSMD270RZ,RGEF600,TLC-PSMD075,FLR190F,TRB135,TRM125,TLC-USMD010,TD350-1,TD350-2,FSMD160-R,1210L260SL,TAL280,SMD1210P075TF,FRV008-240F,FSMD600RZ,MF-R700,RLD72P300XF,FSMD050-2920-R,FSMD260-24-2920-R,1812L370SL,TRA030,TRB120,RXEF 300,0603L050SL,12 110 3.5,TLC-USML190,RLD16P800GF,RLD30P400UF,60R185,TLC-PSMD050,TRA025,SMD1206P550SLR,3GF SERIES,1206L175SL,TRA020,06 110 2.5,RLD16P250BF,TLV900,TRB110,FSMD260R,12 113,TRM100,12 110,FRG300-16F,SMD1812P650SLR,MF-S175,TVS175N,SMD1206P260SLR,TLC-LSMD050,FSMD014-R,SMD1812P075TF/24,TRA017,MF-PSML200,STD175F,FRVL065-120F,TLC-PSML380,TLC-FSML100,15ST175,FSMD400-1210RZ,TRA250,NSMLXXXL1505,2920L050,TLC-MSML300,TRA010,PC01050,12 110 4.5,TVS210,72R375X,TLC-NSML190,TLC-USMD200,MF-NSML260,TLC-NSML400L,TLC-PSML150,MINISMDC010F,MF-RX110/72,SMD1812P075TF/33,USML1210,06 100 0.5,16R700G,TRA005,NANOSMDC200F,TLV190L,1206L300SL,TLC-FSML110,TLC-MSML550,SMD1206P500SLR,1210L075,FSMD050-1206-R,FRU090-30F,TVS200,MF-MSML600,TLC-USML175,MF-R090,RLD60P160XF,SMD0805P150SLR,TLC-LSMD075,RLD06P155BF,FLR550F,MF-R065,MICROSMD005F,TLC-USML380,FSR200F,SMD1206P650SLR,SMD1812P260SLR,RLD16P1200GF,SMD1210P600SLR,TRF250-145U,MF-RX065/72,2920L030,RLD16P900GF,PICOSMDC035S,FSML0603,TLC-NSML175,250R120,FRVL100-120F,VTD210F,RLD06P120BF,FSMD190RZ,72R020X,MF-R075,SMD0805P300SLR,SMD260F,SMD1206P110SLR,1812L300SL,0805L075SL,FSMD075-2920-R,TLC-USML150,TVS230,MF-USML450,TRF250-120U,MICROSMD200F,0805L260SL,SMD1210P750SLR,LRD730F,TLC-NSMD200,30R300,RLD72P110XF,MF-USML200,1210L550SL,RUEF300,TLC-LSMD260/24,TAL410,MF-LSMD185/33X,FSL270F-N,MF-RX375/72,TLC-LSMD250,TRF014U,SMD1206P350SLR,FSR420F,TLC-NSMD035,30R500,TLC-FSML150,FSMD035-0603RZ,TLC-MSML500,TRB300,MF-USML650,MF-LR730,LVR008S,1812L200,MF-MSMF030,PICOSMDC260LR-T,FSMD125-R,MF-LL190,250R145,TVS170N,MINISMDC014F,MSMD/L1812,FSMD100-2920-R,PICOSMDC075S,TLC-NSMD020,TLC-NSM

选型指南 - 竞沃 - REV. 1 - 2020/7/29 PDF 英文下载

过流保护器件自恢复保险丝PPTC的优点是什么？

自恢复保险丝优点：自恢复保险丝常温零功率电阻可以作得很小，大电流产品只有几个毫欧姆，在路功耗较小，可以忽略不计、体积相对较小。自恢复保险丝可串联在易损电路内作过流保护、温度保险丝用，阻值突变速度快，在几个ms数量级，热容小，恢复时间短，耐冲击，可循环保护达8000次之多。自恢复保险丝可以作过温度保险丝用，因此在电路中在一定程度上体现出了温度保险丝性能和温度保险丝作用。达到在电路中实现过流保护和过温保护的双重保护功能。

技术问答发布时间 : 2024-07-30

【选型】国产自恢复保险丝用于IPC客流摄像头电源输入过流防护设计，2920封装，待机功耗0.065~0.41W

为避免IPC客流摄像头电源输入因负载短路异常造成燃烧风险，一般在电源输入加一颗自恢复保险丝做过流保护设计，推荐选择竞沃电子自恢复保险丝TLC-LSMD100，2920封装，最大额定工作电压33VDC，常温25℃下保持电流1A，可承受最大故障电流40A。

器件选型发布时间 : 2023-02-08

一次性保险丝和可恢复保险丝有什么区别？

一次性保险丝一般由三部分组成：主体是低熔点的金属丝或者金属薄片制成的熔体，是熔断器核心；电极端头连接电路与熔体，具良好导电性；支架，固定熔体并使三部分成为刚性的整体。两种保险丝都可用来做电路的过电流保护，其使用的不少领域和场合有类似，有一部分场合这两种产品都可以使用，还可以互相替换。例如在过流保护要求不太高的电池保护应用中这两类产品都能各领风骚。在对某些IC等重要器件保护应用中，或电源的输入/输出端就只有一次性保险丝才有可能胜任其保护功能，这些部位对阻抗要求也较高。另外在一些一旦发生故障就必须停机检修排除故障的场合，也要求使用一次性保险丝。而一些必须避免因过热而烧坏产品的场合，经常需要热插拔操作的接口过流保护，可简易排除故障，以及非器件故障导致的暂时性过电流的电路保护则应该选择可恢复保险丝。

技术问答发布时间 : 2024-07-30

一次性电子烟过流保护的新选择：涵盖0.15A~5AAEM薄膜片式保险丝，具有超快和慢断特性

作为电子烟新品类，一次性电子烟产品势头强劲，其安全性受到重视，在北美市场需要强制满足2019年推出UL8139的认证要求。片式保险丝成为电子烟的过流保护的最佳保护元件，AEM作为业界最早量产片式保险丝的全球领军的新式元器件厂家，其旗下的多系列保险丝可满足不同的产品设计需求。

应用方案发布时间 : 2024-05-07

【选型】竞沃(TLC) 过流保护产品(PPTC/FUSE/ESD/CSR/TVS)选型指南（简版）

目录- PPTC自恢复保险丝产品一次性保险丝产品 Power TVS与ESD半导体静电抑制器 ESD静电抑制器与电流感测电阻CSR TLC产品应用领域

型号- 04 100,06 110,SMDJXXA,SMBJXXA,0402,PC01,PSMD 0805,HV610,LMMT0,12 100,HFM0,TLV SERIES,HV110.PV,PTN102H05B,TAL SERIES,06 100,USML1210,TD SERIES,LCT0,LSMD 2920,PTN102U05B,HET0,HV620,SMDJXXCA,BEV7,BEV5,PSML0805,TRB SERIES,TRA SERIES,TRE SERIES,HEET0,USMD 1210,PB01,FSML0603,HV510,HV630,HV110,MSMD1812,PTN205U05A,TLS SERIES,62720,EV1845,TRF SERIES,10800,ESDAC05,NSMD1206,HV520,SMFXXCA,12110,TVS SERIES,SMAJXXCA,42510 ESD-LVC,5.0SMDJXXCA,NSMD 1206,SMFXXA,USMD1210,06100,LMJ12,HV530,LSMD2920,LMJ10,12113,HV650,SMBJXXCA,SRC39,ANL SERIES,SMAJXXA,0603,TRM SERIES,PTN062H05B-M,62 720,PTN2510U05A,ASML0402,TRG SERIES,SRC25,MSMD 1812,HCT0,LET0,NSML***L1505,SMCJXXA,LMT0,LMJ25,HFMM0,MSML1812,SMCJXXCA,TRC SERIES,04100,PSMD0805,FSMD0603,FSMD 0603,SRC59,10 800,NSML1206,5.0SMDJXXA,PVAH1U,2410,06110,12 113,12100,12 110

选型指南 - 竞沃 - REV.1 - 2018年 PDF 中文下载

什么是自恢复保险丝？

自恢复保险丝是一种过流电子保护元件，采用高分子有机聚合物在高压、高温，硫化反应的条件下，搀加导电粒子材料后，经过特殊的工艺加工而成。自恢复保险丝（PPTC：高分子自恢复保险丝）是一种正温度系数聚合物热敏电阻，作过流保护用，可代替电流保险丝。电路正常工作时它的阻值很小（压降很小），当电路出现过流使它温度升高时，阻值急剧增大几个数量级，使电路中的电流减小到安全值以下，从而使后面的电路得到保护，过流消失后自动恢复为低阻值。传统保险丝过流保护，仅能保护一次，烧断了需更换，而自恢复保险丝具有过流过热保护，自动恢复双重功能。在习惯上把 PPTC(PolyerPositiveTemperature Coefficent)也叫自恢复保险丝。其效果与开关元件类似，只是响应速度较慢。

技术问答发布时间 : 2024-07-30