Application Of TVS Transient Suppression Diode In Brushless Motor


Brushless motors are usually driven by a three-phase bridge circuit, and their normal operating voltage and current will have excessively high transient peak voltages and currents due to various factors such as load changes and magnetic field interference. These transients can cause damage to devices such as MOSFETs, IGBTs, and even controllers and microcontrollers. In order to protect the related components of the brushless motor, TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) transient suppression diodes can be used for protection.
TVS Transient Suppression Diodes use semiconductor materials to achieve transient suppression through the reverse breakdown of Zener diodes. They can absorb transient impacts of overvoltage and overcurrent in a very short time, effectively protecting brushless motors and their components and related devices. In the protection circuit of brushless motors, TVS transient suppression diodes are usually installed at the input or output of the motor to suppress the transient peak voltage and current.
Fig.1
Precautions
●Select the appropriate voltage level: The voltage level of the TVS transient suppression diode should be higher than the maximum working voltage of the brushless motor.
●Determine the circuit topology: According to the actual situation of the brushless motor, determine the placement position of the TVS transient suppression diode.
●Strengthen the layout design of the PCB: During the circuit design process, it is necessary to avoid the staggered arrangement of high-noise areas and low-noise areas of the circuit, so as to reduce electromagnetic interference.
●Pay attention to protective grounding: When TVS transient suppression diodes are installed at the input and output terminals of the motor, care should be taken to prevent external static interference and the protective grounding should be strengthened.
The above are some precautions for using TVS transient suppression diodes in the protection circuit of brushless motors. Reasonable protection circuit design can prolong the service life of brushless motors and improve the stability and safety of the entire system.
- |
- +1 赞 0
- 收藏
- 评论 0
本文由三年不鸣转载自Yint News,原文标题为:Application Of TVS Transient Suppression Diode In Brushless Motor,本站所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的,且明确注明来源,不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
相关推荐
【经验】碳化硅的Mosfet如何更好解决静电问题?
碳化硅的MOSFET相比传统硅MOSFET具有更高的击穿电场强度和较低的漏电流。因此在一定程度上能够更好地抵御静电问题。本文音特电子将介绍碳化硅的Mosfet如何更好解决静电问题?
【经验】解析TVS瞬态抑制二极管在无刷电机保护电路中的作用及注意事项
TVS瞬态抑制二极管采用半导体材料,通过Zener二极管的反向击穿来实现瞬态抑制的功能,能够在极短的时间内吸收过电压和过流的瞬态冲击,有效保护无刷电机及其相关器件。本文中音特电子将为大家解析TVS瞬态抑制二极管在无刷电机保护电路中的作用及注意事项。
NIDEC(尼得科)马达电机及控制设备选型指南
Product Application Matrix About Nidec Motion Control AC Induction Parallel Shaft Gearmotors PMDC Brushed Motors PMDC Brushed Parallel Shaft & Planetary Gearmotors PMDC Brushed Right Angle & Inline Gearmotors PMDC Brushed Plastic Gearmotors Brushless DC Parallel Shaft Gearmotors Brushless DC Motors Planetary Gearmotors Brushless DC Right Angle Gearmotors Brushless DC Motor Special Collection Frameless Brushless DC Motors HVLS Fan Motors Brushless DC Motors for Marine Applications Hybrid Steppers, Brushed DC & Linear Actuators Permanent Magnet DC Steppers AC Synchronous Motors AC Induction Motors & Actuators Brushless DC Servo Motors Brushless AC Servo Motors Brushless DC Motors for AGVs Complete AGV Solutions Integrated BLDC Servo Motors & Drives Brushless DC Motor Controllers Brushed DC Motor Controllers AC Induction Motor Controllers Guide Sensors, Battery Management & Charging Cables & Accessories Software
NIDEC - 电机控制器,PMDC BRUSHED PARALLEL SHAFT & PLANETARY MOTORS,PMDC有刷塑料齿轮电机,AC PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,FIXED SPEED LINEAR ACTUATOR MOTOR,AGV MOTOR,MOTOR CONTROLLER,交流感应执行器,无框架电机,INDUCTION MOTORS,MOTOR,线缆,无刷直流电机行星减速马达,PMDC有刷直列齿轮电机,PMDC BRUSHED PARALLEL SHAFT GEAR REDUCERS,TOTALLY ENCLOSED, BLDC MOTORS,SINGLE ABC HALL CABLE,带驱动器的集成电机,BRUSHED MOTORS,OPTICAL FLOW SENSOR,INTEGRATED BLDC SERVO DRIVES,AC INDUCTION MOTORS & ACTUATORS,AC SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS,ROBOFLOW FLOW SENSOR,有刷直流执行器,ADAPTOR,直流步进直线电机,STEPPER MOTORS,永磁直流平行轴减速马达,集成式BLDC伺服电机,交流感应平行轴齿轮电动机,MOTOR DRIVES,ABC HALL CABLE,PMDC BRUSHED INLINE GEARMOTORS,混合步进电机,PMDC BRUSHED GEARMOTORS,BRUSHLESS AC SERVO MOTORS,RIGHT ANGLE GEARMOTORS,ROBOPAD BASE CONTACTS,PMDC BRUSHED MOTORS,电缆,DRIVERS,永磁直流有刷直角减速马达,BRUSHLESS DC PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,ROBOT IO EXTENDER,BLDC GEARMOTORS,MAGNETIC GUIDE SENSOR,伺服电动机,交流同步电机,INLINE GEARMOTORS,PMDC BRUSHED PLANETARY GEAR REDUCERS,BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS PLANETARY GEARMOTORS,PMDC BRUSHED RIGHT ANGLE GEARMOTORS,MODULAR MOTORS,电机,电机轮,PMDC (PERMANENT MAGNET) BRUSHED MOTORS,全封闭BLDC电机,MOTOR CONTROLLER,交流同步电动机,定速线性致动器电动机,AC INDUCTION MOTORS,线性执行器,交流感应电机和致动器,PMDC BRUSHED INLINE GEAR REDUCERS,ROBOPAD EXTENDABLE COLLECTOR CONTACTS,BLDC平行轴减速马达,OPEN FRAME BLDC CONTROLLERS,PMDC BRUSHED PLANETARY GEARMOTORS,PMDC BRUSHED PLASTIC GEARMOTORS,BATTERY MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION SYSTEM,BRUSHED DC & LINEAR ACTUATORS,步进电机,PMDC MOTORS,交流感应平行轴减速马达,STEERING MOTOR,ROBOPADS CHARGE SYSTEM,电机驱动器,TOTALLY ENCLOSED、BLDC MOTORS AND DRIVES,I/O EXTENDER (RIOX) MODULE,无刷直流伺服电动机,直流无刷马达,EV TRACTION MOTOR,MODULAR DRIVES,直角减速马达,SIMULATORS,无刷直流电机行星齿轮减速电机,AC INDUCTION PARALLEL SHAFT GEAR REDUCERS,PMDC PLANETARY GEARMOTORS,交流平行轴减速马达,SOFTWARE,同步线性致动器,无刷直流电机,FIXED SPEED MOTORS AC SYNCHRONOUS,PC UTILITIES,AGV升降机电机,ROBOT,GEARED INDUCTION LINEAR ACTUATOR,永磁直流步进电机,MOTORS,无框架无刷直流电动机,SUBFRACTIONAL GEARMOTORS,步进式线性致动器,AGV用无刷直流电机,STEPPING LINEAR ACTUATOR,直列式齿轮电机,BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR,PERMANENT MAGNET DC STEPPERS,PMDC有刷平行轴减速电机,交流感应电动机,无刷直流直角减速马达,CONVERTER/ADAPTER,附件,BRUSHLESS DC PLANETARY GEARMOTORS,永磁式直流步进电动机,导向传感器,PMDC有刷行星齿轮电机,AC INDUCTION ACTUATORS,MOTOR WHEELS,分减速马达,PMDC BRUSHED PLASTIC GEARMOTORS,AC SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR ACTUATOR,OPEN FRAME CONTROLLERS,BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR CONTROLLERS,永磁直流有刷减速马达,RC RADIO CABLE BOARD,BRUSHED DC ACTUATORS,PMDC BRUSHED PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,BLDC减速马达,无刷交流伺服电动机,无刷直流直角减速电机,混合式步进机,MOTOR CONTROLLERS,TOTALLY ENCLOSED、BLDC、HIGH EFFICIENCY PROPULSION MOTORS AND DRIVES,永磁直流有刷直列减速马达,INDUCTION LINEAR ACTUATOR,AGV LIFTER MOTORS,TOOLS,BMS,有刷电机,PMDC有刷齿轮电机,INTEGRATED MOTOR DRIVES,INTEGRATED MOTORS WITH DRIVES,PERMANENT MAGNET AC SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS,全封闭式BLDC高效推进电机,TOTALLY ENCLOSED,BLDC, HIGH EFFICIENCY PROPULSION MOTORS,软件,高风量低转速风扇电机,HYBRID STEPPERS,PMDC BRUSHED PLASTIC GEAR REDUCERS,引导传感器,集成电机驱动器,永磁直流有刷塑料减速马达,永磁直流有刷行星减速马达,HYBRID STEPPER MOTORS,PMDC BRUSHED RIGHT ANGLE GEAR REDUCERS,AGV用无刷直流电动机,BRUSHED DC MOTORS,PMDC有刷行星齿轮减速器,FRACTIONAL GEARMOTORS,次分减速马达,BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS,ENCODER CABLE,无刷交流伺服电机,INTEGRATED BLDC SERVO MOTORS,模块化电机,BLDC(无刷)电机,FRAMELESS BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS,AC INDUCTION MOTORS,SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR ACTUATOR,BRUSHLESS DC RIGHT ANGLE GEARMOTORS,有刷直流和线性致动器,SOFTWARE,BRUSHLESS DC RIGHT ANGLE GEARMOTORS,BLDC (BRUSHLESS) MOTORS,CABLE,PMDC GEARMOTORS,DYNAMIC SHUNT REGULATOR,LINEAR ACTUATORS,SHUNT REGULATOR,永磁直流有刷平行轴减速马达,ACCESSORIES,无刷直流平行轴减速马达,OPTICAL ISOLATOR,齿轮感应式线性致动器,无刷直流伺服电机,BREAK-OUT BOARD,D-SUB CABLE,BRUSHLESS DC PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,DC STEPPER LINEAR ACTUATORS,HVLS风扇电机,PERMANENT MAGNET DC STEPPERS,混合式步进电机,BRUSHLESS DC SERVO MOTORS,电动汽车牵引电机,BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS,FRAMELESS MOTORS,PMDC有刷直角减速电机,无框架无刷直流电机,PMDC PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,AC INDUCTION PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,AGV WHEEL MOTOR,无刷直流平行轴减速电机,BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS FOR AGVS,SERVO MOTORS,永磁直流行星减速马达,转向电机,GUIDE SENSORS,BLDC PARALLEL SHAFT GEARMOTORS,HVLS FAN MOTORS,永磁直流有刷电机,定速电机交流同步,API,BRUSHLESS AC SERVO MOTOR,LYG42,RGBL1860,GRI-5700B,FDC3260T,D64,MGSW3200,55C12,55C18,D SERIES,M89,PC-DA,SDC,GIM2660S,49 (AS),QF,LSG55,OR SERIES,SIM1360,RPBAS90-100,KBVF-27EF,AR-DA,LYG55,D77,FBL2360TE,KBVF 37,SU SERIES,300 SERIES,SBLM2360T,SDC2160,KBVF SERIES,105LC50,59 (PAS),SBL2360TS,60 (TS),LSG42,FDCB260T,KBVF 27,59(PB),LYGB5,LSG35,BMS1060A,RGIM1860,KBVF-45E,8200,LYG35,GIM2660E,73MM (RAS),H17,LD SERIES,MGSW1600,DA,DB,SBL1360A,52P-5700B,49(ABS),3.3 SERIES,MG5W4800,M115,MGS1600GY,BFS,LSD42,GBL2660E,GBL2660,HBL,RA25,HBL1660,ENC1,FBL2360T,LYD35,LSD55,59(PAS),HBL2360A,KBL1660,VF,105 SERIES,SIM,600,RAB1,MDC1460,GBL2660S,KBVF-37EF,BMS1060ABT,M135,HDC,H23R,105L85,3100,HDF,H23S,105LC90,RA40,60 (T),GBL,XDC,KBVF-37E,SBL2360T,NT SERIES,FBL2360TS,GF,SERIES LB,RGBX1,SERIES LA,GIM2660,142LDA300ROB,LSD35,59(PBS),RA31,49(AB),SERIES KH,GBL2660ES,MPG-42F,AGV089A01E,HD SERIES,GDC,FBL,VF-24H,MDC2460,KBVF-27E,49 (A),MBL1660A,HBL23120A,SERIES LBS,MGSW4800,M142,M SERIES,73 (RA),105LC,XDC2460,KBVF-45,ABCX1,ZF,SDC3260T,SIM2360TS,ABCX2,KBLX1,D100,RGDC1896,KD SERIES,089LDA30XROB,JF,SDC2160S,SR5K100V25R,BMS1040ABT,FDC,SIM2360T,5200,KBVF-37,BLA-42F,LYD42,SBLM2360TS,HDC2460,52P,MBL1660,MBL,HDC2460S,KF,KBVF-29E,XDC2460S,FIM2360TES,RGDC1860,AGV089A04,KBVF-29,6300,AGV089A01,AGV089A02,D13,AGV089A03,KS,HIM,LYD55,300,HIM2360,FIM2360TS,D28,MDC,H17ET,42P,142LDA30XROB,2500,GDC3660E,KBVF-29EF,MG5W3200,FIM2B60T,RGBL1896,D35,FDC3260TE,BOB25H,GIM,105LC SERIES,GF-5700,FIM2360TE,M190,BOB25F,DSG,ABCX1M,BOB15,RA31-5700B,5000,AGV089A03E,D47,GDC3660,KBL,OF,SBL,RA25-5700B,KBVF-45EF,D52,55 SERIES,AGV089A04E,BMS1040A,59 (PA),FIM,RPCOL90-100,105XL185,PF,FBL2360TES,600 SERIES,089GLDA300ROB,RGIM1896,HAZARDOUS MATERIAL HANDLING ROBOTS,移动,机械加工,银行,MOBILITY,PACKAGING AND MATERIAL HANDLING,MOBILE ROBOTS,船舶,MARINE APPLICATIONS,MATERIAL TRANSPORT,MARINE,VENDING,WIND ENERGY,MATERIAL HANDLING,商用食品设备泵,通信,AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOTS,商业食品设备,INSTRUMENTATION,ACCESS CONTROL,烤架、门自动化,BUSINESS AUTOMATION,AUTONOMOUS GUIDED VEHICLES,OFFICE EQUIPMENT,TERRESTRIAL AND UNDERWATER ROBOTIC VEHICLES,流动性,安防控制,BANKING,COMMUNICATIONS,自动化,BALANCING ROBOTS,风扇,蠕动泵,PUMPS-PERISTALTIC,高尔夫球车,GOLF CARTS,MEDICAL,PELLET STOVES,COOLING TOWERS,BANKING EQUIPMENT,颗粒炉,电动船,自动引导车辆,MACHINING,ROBOTICS,自主移动机器人(AMR),卫星定位系统,COMMERCIAL FOOD EQUIPMENT PUMPS,水泵,材料处理设备,MATERIAL HANDLING,自动导引车(AGV),MOBILE ROBOTS,电动汽车,卫生保健-流动性,银行设备,AGRICULTURE,SMALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES,农业机器人,烤架,SECURITY CONTROL,FOOD SERVICE EQUIPMENT,TEXTILE INDUSTRY,AUTOMATION,食品服务设备,餐饮服务设备,安全/访问控制,包装,OFFICE EQUIPMENT,LAB,卫星定位,INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS,饮料分配,工业自动化,PUMPS,COMMERCIAL FOOD EQUIPMENT,DIAPHRAGM,SPORTING VENUES,自动售货机,ELECTRIC BOATS,出售,AUGERS,医疗诊断,螺旋钻,医学,机器人,MEDICAL,DOOR AUTOMATION,SATELLITE POSITIONING,纺织业,LAB DIAGNOSTICS,门禁,SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEMS,AUTONOMOUS GUIDED VEHICLES (AGV),INDUSTRIAL VALVE ACTUATORS,HEALTH CARE DIAGNOSTICS,ROBOTICS,人员运输车,BEVERAGE DISPENSING,AUTOMATION,球团炉,AUTONOMOUS GUIDED VEHICLES,PERSONNEL CARRIERS,机器人技术,隔膜,HEALTH CARE-MOBILITY,AGVS,自动导引车,AGRICULTURAL ROBOTS,工业阀门致动器,AMR,包装设备,SECURITY/ACCESS CONTROL,BANKING EQUIPMENT,业务自动化,海军陆战队,PELLET STOVES,COMMERCIAL FOOD EQUIPMENT,HEALTH CARE,LABORATORY,层压机,医疗,RECREATIONAL VEHICLE AUTOMATION,PACKAGING,包装和材料搬运,ELECTRIC VEHICLES,医学诊断学,PELLET GRILL,ENTERTAINMENT VENUES,小球烤架,HVLS风扇,FANS,DOOR OPERATORS,INDUSTRIAL,办公设备,MONEY HANDLING SYSTEMS,自动移动机器人,SMALL ELECTRICAL VEHICLES,SEMICONDUCTORS,休闲车自动化,HVLS FANS,AGRICULTURE,DOOR AUTOMATION,移动机器人,AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOTS (AMR),VENDING MACHINES,WAREHOUSING,实验室,工业,机器人学,工业阀门执行器,INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION,半导体,门自动化,高功率应用,PACKAGING EQUIPMENT,AGRICULTURAL,PELLET STOVE,GRILLS,HIGH POWER APPLICATIONS,实验室诊断,BUSINESS EQUIPMENT,海洋应用,AGV,INDUSTRIAL,农业,材料处理,泵,物料搬运,业务用设备,COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS,MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT,银行业,LAMINATING MACHINES,MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS
IGBT功率元器件基础知识
本文章中介绍了IGBT的基础知识,包括基于IGBT特点的适用范围和应用示例、IGBT的结构和工作原理、与其他功率晶体管的比较、在电机应用中的区分使用、重要的参数“短路耐受时间”以及FRD内置型IGBT的反向恢复特性等内容。
HD6951 P沟道增强型MOSFET
该资料介绍了华为扬电子有限公司生产的HD6951型P沟道增强型MOSFET。这款器件采用先进的槽技术,提供优异的RDS(ON)、低栅极电荷和低至4.5V的门电压下的操作能力。适用于电池保护或开关应用。
华轩阳电子 - P-CHANNEL ENHANCEMENT MODE MOSFET,P通道增强模式MOSFET,HD6951,交换应用,SWITCHING APPLICATION,BRUSHLESS MOTOR,BATTERY PROTECTION,UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY,不间断电源,电池保护,LOAD SWITCH,负载开关,无刷电机
【应用】音特电子为PEPS系统电路提供TVS保护方案,车规级产品满足控制器及智能钥匙需求
音特电子根据多年在汽车电子电磁兼容的经验,结合自身车规级产品的优势,对PEPS系统车载基站(车载基站)和定位标签(智能钥匙),提出综合保护方案,供用户设计参考。
【技术】IGBT保护电路设计
IGBT:绝缘栅双极型晶体管芯片,是能源变换与传输的核心器件,俗称电力电子装置的“心脏”之称;设计出元器件与应用相匹配的电路,才能把IGBT的性能发挥到最佳状况!
TVS二极管在LINBus通信中的作用
TVS二极管以保护敏感电子元件免受电压尖峰和瞬变影响能力而闻名,在确保LINBus系统完整性和使用寿命方面发挥着关键作用。本文深入探讨LINBus通信复杂性、重要性,TVS二极管如何为现代汽车网络稳健可靠运行做出贡献。
功率涵盖200W~15000W!TVS瞬态抑制二极管制造商音特电子授权世强硬创代理
音特电子授权世强硬创代理旗下ESD静电保护元件、PPTC自恢复保险丝、TSS半导体放电管、SBR肖特基二极管等产品,其中,TVS瞬态抑制二极管作为主推产品之一,功率涵盖200W~15000W!
PTD3080 30V/80A N沟道高级功率MOSFET
本资料介绍了PTD3080这款30V/80A N-Channel高级功率MOSFET的特性。该器件具有改进的dv/dt能力和高鲁棒性,适用于高压侧负载开关、电池开关等应用。
金誉半导体 - N-CHANNEL ADVANCED POWER MOSFET,N沟道高级功率MOSFET,PTD3080,蓄电池开关,高边负载开关,AEROMODELLING,BRUSHLESS MOTOR,主电路板,BATTERY SWITCH,电力银行,HIGH SIDE LOAD SWITCH,POWER BANK,MAIN BOARD,航空模型,无刷电机
30P10-100V P沟道增强型MOSFET
该资料介绍了30P10型N沟道增强型MOSFET的特性。它采用先进的槽技术,提供优异的RDS(ON)、低栅极电荷和最低4.5V的栅极电压下的操作能力。适用于电池保护或其他开关应用。
固得沃克 - P-CHANNEL ENHANCEMENT MODE MOSFET,P通道增强模式MOSFET,30P10,切换,BRUSHLESS MOTOR,BATTERY PROTECTION,UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY,不间断电源,电池保护,LOAD SWITCH,负载开关,SWITCHING,无刷电机
PTQ60P03-30V/-60A P沟道结功率MOSFET
该资料详细介绍了PTQ60P03型号的-30V/-60A P-Channel Junction Power MOSFET。该器件采用新技术,具有低导通电阻和低传导损耗,适用于高压应用。资料中包含了产品的特性、电气参数、应用领域和封装信息。
金誉半导体 - P沟道结功率MOSFET,P-CHANNEL JUNCTION POWER MOSFET,PTQ60P03,AEROMODELLING,BRUSHLESS MOTOR,便携式产品,电力银行,HIGH SIDE LOAD SWITCH,POWER MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS,POWER BANK,无刷电机,PORTABLE PRODUCTS,蓄电池开关,高边负载开关,主电路板,BATTERY SWITCH,MAIN BOARD,电源管理应用,航空模型
【技术】TVS瞬态抑制二极管的玻璃钝化和O酸洗工艺差异?为何要加SIPOS工艺?
本文音特电子将为大家介绍TVS瞬态抑制二极管的玻璃钝化和O酸洗工艺差异?以及为何要加SIPOS工艺?供各位工程师参考及使用。
AP25G03GD 30V N+P沟道增强型MOSFET
本资料介绍了AP25G03GD这款30V N+P-Channel增强型MOSFET的特性。该器件采用先进的沟槽技术,提供优异的导通电阻(RDS(ON))、低栅极电荷,并可在最低4.5V栅极电压下工作。适用于电池保护或其他开关应用。
永源微电子 - N+P沟道增强型MOSFET,N+P-CHANNEL ENHANCEMENT MODE MOSFET,AP25G03GD,切换,升压驱动器,BRUSHLESS MOTOR,BATTERY PROTECTION,电池保护,BOOST DRIVER,SWITCHING,无刷电机
Application Scope and Market of IGBT
IGBTs, which are power semiconductors, are used in various applications ranging from automotive applications to industrial equipment and consumer electronics. From three-phase motor control inverters with high-output Application scope and market of IGBTcapacitance in trains and HEV/EV, etc.
电子商城
现货市场
服务

提供蓝牙BLE芯片协议、蓝牙模块、蓝牙成品测试认证服务;测试内容分Host主机层,Controller控制器层,Profile应用层测试。支持到场/视频直播测试,资深专家全程指导。
实验室地址: 深圳 提交需求>

定制液冷板尺寸5mm*5mm~3m*1.8m,厚度2mm-100mm,单相液冷板散热能力最高300W/cm²。
最小起订量: 1片 提交需求>
登录 | 立即注册
提交评论