解析信号完整性的四个主要问题
信号完整性就是研究信号在传输过程中的保真度问题。数字信号在传输的过程中，由于阻抗匹配、串扰等原因导致信号变差。信号完整性是信号传输的一个综合指标，它涵盖了发送端、接收端以及传输路径中的印刷电路板PCB、连接器、线缆或其他无源器件对信号的影响。各种总线协议都对这些部分有相应的定义，例如PCIe总线。
高速串行总线和传统并行总线对比
数据中心利用发射系统和接收系统之间的通道，可以准确有效地传递有价值的信息。如果通道性能不佳，就可能会导致信号完整性问题，并且影响所传数据的正确解读。因此，在开发通道设备和互连产品时，确保高度的信号完整性非常关键。测试、识别和解决导致设备信号完整性问题的根源，就成了工程师面临的巨大挑战。 信号完整性问题可能包括串扰、时延、振铃和电磁干扰。尽早解决信号完整性问题，可以让您开发出可靠性更高的高性能的产品，也有助于降低成本。
这些参数变化速度越快，信号完整性问题越严重。
信号完整性的四个主要问题
•单一网络上的信号质量-由于信号及回路阻抗不连续造成的反射和信号失真
•网络间的串扰（Cross Talk）- 网络间存在的容性耦合和感性耦合
•轨道塌陷噪声（Rail-Collapse Noise）-电源与地分布网络中，电源和地路径的电流发生变化时在电源路径与地路径间阻抗上可产生压降
•电磁干扰 - 噪声源、辐射传播路径和天线
信号频率和上升时间的关系
在常见的高速数字信号中，我们有个经验值是：某信号的上升时间是它周期的10%。例如 10MHz信号的上升时间是10ns 100MHz信号的上升时间是1ns 1GHz信号的上升时间是100ps
低频信号也可能有信号完整性问题
通常大多数人按照信号频率来辨别某信号是否属于高速信号，是否需要考虑信号完整性问题，例如以100MHz为界限。100MHz以下的信号不考虑信号完整性问题。
但是随着芯片技术的提升，可以生产更小尺寸的晶体管门沟道。当门的沟道长度越短，空穴和电子需要移动的距离也越短。这意味着门可以在更短时间切换状态，在波形上表现为上升时间的提升。这将使信号完整性问题更明显。 而芯片厂商为了成本考虑，在生产中尽量使所有的硅晶圆标准化，这样随着芯片尺寸的降低，每个硅晶圆上可以包含更多的芯片。因此有可能一颗低速芯片，它和高速芯片是在同一条产线出产的。这样这颗低速芯片在工作时，也会有较短的上升时间。
因此依靠信号频率来决定在设计中是否要考虑信号完整性问题已经不是很可靠的一个方法。建议在设计中，仔细查询原件spec。在PCBA生产后，进行相关电气参数测量。
仿真和模型
在PCB出图之前，通过设计软件进行信号完整性仿真，可以对信号波形有个初步的印象。仿真结果可以作为PCB设计修正的输入依据。
下图展示了PCIe6.0规范中对各个部分插入损耗的定义。无论是进行仿真还是测试，都需要确保满足这一标准。
PCIe 6.0插入损耗
USB4和Thunderbolt3.0规范中定义的传输通道的回波损耗
下面这张图展示了在USB4和Thunderbolt3.0规范中定义的传输通道的回波损耗。同样地，在OIF规范中，我们也可以找到插入损耗、回波损耗等等的明确定义。这些标准为我们的工程师在PCB设计过程中提供了宝贵的参考依据。
USB4和Thunderbolt3.0规范中定义的传输通道的回波损耗
信号完整性越來越重要
●损坏电路中的敏感器件；
● 造成数字电路的时序问题；
●引起接收机误判；
●各种协会的强制要求
芯片和电子产品一直都在向小型化、高度集成化以及高速化的方向发展，可产品的研发周期却越来越紧迫。这对工程师们来说是一个巨大的考验。
无论是数据中心的产品、还是汽车和工业设备，甚至是我们日常使用的消费电子产品，它们的信号速率都在迅猛攀升！
看看下面这张图，PCIe6.0的速率已经达到了56Gbps，USB4达到了40Gbps，并行总线DDR5也达到了惊人的6.4Gbps，同时，高速总线的调制模式也从以往的NRZ发展到了PAM4甚至更高阶的调制技术。
还有一些新型总线的出现，比如CCIX, GenZ，CXL等等。这些变化给工程师们带来了前所未有的挑战，也使得信号完整性分析变得比以往更加重要。
印刷电路板PCB设计流程
一般来说，当我们分析信号完整性时，我们会关注眼图、时序、阻抗、插入损耗、回波损耗、串扰等等因素。但随着信号速率的不断提高和传输方式的多样化，信号完整性分析的指标也变得更加多样化。在原来的基础上我们还需要考虑ICN、ICR、COM、ILD、BER等等指标。这无疑给信号完整性工程师增加了很大的工作量。
在高速数字电路设计中，硬件工程师通常会将PCB设计交给信号完整性工程师进行分析，他们通过详尽复杂的分析来发现潜在问题和隐患。尽管现如今的信号完整性分析工具功能强大且高效，能够节省大量时间，但整个信号完整性仿真过程仍然是相当耗时的。
此外，信号完整性工程师在公司中的数量通常比硬件工程师少得多，这导致信号完整性分析成为整个PBC设计流程的一个瓶颈。
电气性能扫描软件 EP-Scan（Electrical Performance Scan）
为了突破性能验证的瓶颈，是德科技在今年初推出了EP-Scan（Electrical Performance Scan）电气性能扫描软件，它为我们提供了一种快速检测电气性能的方法，让硬件工程师们能够及时发现初级的SI问题，避免后期可能出现的麻烦。有了它，硬件工程师只需简单的操作，就能进行快速扫描，查看信号的电气特性，找出潜在的信号完整性问题。
当然，对于更复杂的信号完整性分析，依然需要SI工程师们的专业知识和技能，通过深入的分析和仿真来解决。
如何通过简单的三个步骤解决信号完整性分析中的瓶颈问题？
接下来，让我们一起来了解如何三步解决信号完整性分析中的瓶颈问题。
第一步，加载设计和设置。
使用EP-Scan，我们可以轻松加载PCB Layout设计或导入ODB++文件。然后，我们选择特定的网络进行分析，更棒的是，我们还能为这个网络设定测试计划，并选择相应的电器规范（EP-Scan内置了一些电器规范，如PCIE、USB、DDR等），然后根据相应的电气规范对阻抗、延时、插入损耗和回波损耗等指标进行分析。
第二步，进行电气性能扫描。
这个步骤非常简单，只需轻轻按下一个按钮，就能一键运行所有的测试计划。此外，每当我们对PCB设计进行修改时，我们可以再去自动运行EP-Scan里面事先设定好测试计划，以便轻松检查信号完整性问题。这样，我们可以在修改后立即获得反馈，确保PCB设计的稳定性和可靠性。
第三步，生成报告和存档。
在完成信号完整性分析后，EP-Scan可以一键生成详细的报告。这个功能极大地简化了结果的展示和存档过程，避免了繁琐的复制粘贴工作。我们可以轻松地分享分析结果给团队成员或管理层，并记录下PCB设计的进展和改进。这样，我们能够保持透明的沟通和高效的工作流程。
EP-Scan 生成的测试报告
三步解决信号完整性分析中的瓶颈问题
通过这三个简单的步骤，EP-Scan为硬件工程师提供了方便、高效的工具，简化了信号完整性分析流程，节约时间和精力。它突破了性能验证瓶颈，让您专注于PCB设计的优化和改进，更快地将产品推向市场。
PCB的设计过程中处处是陷阱。时间一久，设计人员逐渐总结了一些经验法则！
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本文由三年不鸣转载自是德科技 Keysight Technologies知乎，原文标题为:新手小白请教pcb信号完整性问题？，本站所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的，且明确注明来源，不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系，我们将立即进行删除处理。
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Keysight（是德科技）电源产品选型指南（中文）
目录- BenchVue软件 电源产品 系统直流电源和台式直流电源 直流电源输出电压和电流一览表 直流电源 直流电子负载 交流电源 专用电源产品 已停产的直流电源及其替代产品
型号- B2911B,B2911A,N8926A,U8000,N5742A,N5766A,6632B,6644A,BV0003B,N6977A,N6735B,N6953A,6800C 系列,N5743A,N5767A,N1275A,6621A,6633B,6645A,N6780 系列,EL30000系列,N6976A,N6746B,B1506A,N6952A,N6734B,U8031A,N8948A,N5744A,N5768A,N1274A,E4361A,N3300A,6622A,6634B,66332A,N8924A,66102A,6600 系列,B1505A,N6701C,66000,N8949A,N8925A,N8937A,6624A,N5745A,N5769A,E4360A,6611C,N3301A,N1273A,6623A,B2901BL,N6700C,66101A,U8000 系列,N6736B,N6954A,E36100A 系列,N6700A,E5263A,6625A,6612C,N5746A,N3302A,N1272A,66104A,N1260A,U8032A,66321D,66321B,B2902B,B2902A,6626A,N5747A,N3303A,6613C,PA2203A,66103A,BV0012B,N1271A,N6702C,6060 系列,6060B,N6705C,B2901B,N8928A,6800B 系列,N7900 系列,B2901A,6627A,EL30000,N3304A,6614C,N5748A,6600,E4360,66106A,N6783A-BAT,N8929A,B2900A,B2912B,E5262A,6628A,B2912A,N3305A,N5749A,66311B,PV8922A,66105A,U8001A,E4368A,N3306A,E4356A,N5700,6672A,B1511B,6684A,PV8921A,RP7935A,CX3322A,BV9210B,RP7945A,RP7933A,B2962A,N8900 系列,N3307A,E4367A,RP7900 系列,N6900,B1510A,6673A,PV8932A,B2960,RP7946A,6620 系列,B2961B,B2961A,RP7932A,6674A,AC6906L,AC6918L,PV8931A,U2723A,U8002A,RP7943A,RP7931A,6675A,B1520A,6651A,PA2201A,U2722A,BV9201B,AC6900,N8760A,6652A,B2900A 系列,E36232A,AC6906H,66300,AC6918H,N6700,N8761A,6653A,E4362A,B1514A,6641A,E36231A,BV9211B,B2960系列,EDU36311A,N3300,B1513C,6654A,6642A,E36234A,N7900,CX3324A,667X,U2720,CX3300A,BV9200B,669X,E36200 系列,66000 系列,B1500A,6643A,B1512A,E36233A,6655A,6631B,AC6903L,668X,RP7936A,E36100B,AC6903H,E36100A,RP7962A,AC6804A,PV8900 系列,AC6804B,N8740A,E36103A,E36103B,N6791A,AC6912L,AC6912H,RP7973A,RP7961A,6035A,66309B,E36102B,E36102A,66309D,N8741A,AC6802B,RP7972A,AC6802A,E3600 系列,E36311A,N8762A,B2960 系列,E36105B,N6781A,E36105A,6690A,E3641A,RP7983A,N3300 系列,AC6803A,AC6803B,N8900,E36104B,E36104A,N6792A,E3640A,6691A,AC6800A,N6790,AC6800B,N6783A-MFG,RP7942A,E3600,6038A,N6900 系列,E36313A,6692A,N6783A,N8756A,6680A,N8732A,PV8900,N8950A,RP7941A,AC6801A,AC6801B,N6780,RP7953A,E36312A,N6782A,E36106B,E36106A,AC6900 系列,N8757A,6681A,N8733A,N8951A,RP7952A,N7971A,6682A,N6785A,N6773A,N6761A,N8754A,N8742A,RP7963A,RP7951A,N7970A,N8700,6683A,6671A,N6784A,N8755A,N8731A,N5770A,6629A,N7973A,E3647A,N6775A,N6763A,N8736A,N6751A,N8954A,N8930A,E36300 系列,E36340,6063B,E5260A,N5771A,N1259A,6812B,N7972A,E36100,E3646A,6811C,6811B,E36100 系列,N6786A,N8737A,N6774A,N6762A,N8943A,AC6800A 系列,N8955A,N8931A,E3634A,N5772A,N1258A,6813C,6813B,N7951A,6800C,E3649A,E36100B系列,6812C,6800B,AC6800B 系列,N6753A,N8758A,N6741B,N8734A,N6971A,N8952A,N6777A,N8940A,N6765A,EL30000 系列,E5270B,N5761A,N7950A,N7974A,N8700 系列,E3648A,N8759A,N6764A,N6752A,N6970A,N8735A,N8941A,N6776A,RP7982A,6030A,N5750A,N7953A,N7977A,N5762A,N1268A,N8934A,N6743B,N6731B,N8946A,N6973A,E36100B 系列,E3643A,E3631A,N6755A,14585A,CX3300A 系列,6031A,N7976A,N5763A,N5751A,E36300,N7952A,N1267A,N6972A,N8923A,N6790 系列,N8935A,N6742B,E3630A,E3642A,N6766A,N6754A,N5700 系列,N8738A,6032A,6030 系列,N5752A,N5764A,RP7900,B2910BL,N1266A,N6951A,N8932A,N8944A,N8920A,E3645A,N6745B,E3633A,N6733B,N8739A,6033A,N7954A,N5741A,N5765A,66319B,N1265A,N6950A,N8945A,N6732B,N8957A,N8921A,E3632A,E3620A,N6756A,N6974A,E3644A,N6744B,66319D
Keysight SystemVue 2023高级电子设计自动化软件，为复杂射频系统提供先进原型设计平台，仿真速度更快
Keysight SystemVue是一款高级的电子设计自动化软件，旨在支持通信系统和雷达系统等领域的设计、开发、验证和优化。它有着丰富的特性和功能，包括系统建模、仿真和验证、波形分析、数字信号处理、射频设计和测试等，可以大大提高系统设计的效率和精度。
产品 发布时间 : 2024-06-21
【选型】Keysight（是德科技）通用及基础测量仪器样本
目录- 示波器和探头 数字万用表 数字采集和开关 频率计数器、函数和任意波形发生器 电源 射频仪表
型号- U1272A,34460A,34133A,53140,N5742A,N5766A,E4980ALU-050,N2919A,N576XA,N5439A,6644A,661XC-220,54600S,34905A,3446MEMU,3000X,U2700,N674XB,34132A,34132B,53150,N5743A,53151,N5767A,661XC-OL2,664XA,3024T,N2918A,6621A,3000T,53152,6645A,N2918B,N9310A-1CM,661XC-230,U1273A,34904A,U1620,E364XA-1CM,N6746B,3000X,DSOXGPIB,N8948A,1000,34131A,DSOX4AUTO,N5744A,N5768A,N2917B,6622A,N3300A,8120-4383,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORDN2801A,34903A,663XB-0B3,DSOX4SENSOR,N8900A,66102A,N6701A,E5387A,66000,U1271A,N8949A,66002A 66001A,11059A,6624A,N5745A,668XA-0B3,8120-5488,N5769A,3022T,6623A,N3301A,33500,8120-5489,34902A,66101A,N9340B-AMA,N2916B,U1600,N6700B,33509B,N7020A,6625A,DSOXLAN,4000X,N3302A,N5746A,8120-5413,8120-6502,N2874,8120-5412,N574XA,U1604A,8120-6980,34901A,34925A,66104A,8120-6507,N2915A,8120-5414,U2802A,66321D,N9310A-1HB,DSO1072B,66321B,663XB-760,B2902A,4000X,6626A,N3303A,N5747A,8120-5421,N2829A,N2862,600,66103A,34924A,N2805A,N6702A,N6705B,N9330B,668XA-909,B2901A,6627A,668XA-908,N3304A,U1602A,N2828A,N5748A,34923A,34947A,8120-8705,N2804A,66106A,6628A,891A,669XA-0L2,N3305A,N5749A,34922A,E5805A,34946A,N2827A,60XX-220,N2803A,66105A,U8001A,DSOX4EMBD,N2849A-68701,1000B,3000,1000A,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD54600S,N3306A,DSOX4MASK,U1600A,U1210,N2791A/N2891A,34921A,6575A,34945A,1158A,6551A,6684A,3446SECU,N2826A,5485X,N2802A,E363XA-0L2,1134A,DSO1052B,34172B,N3307A,657XA,U3400,6552A,N2801A,60XX-240,5462X,N2825A,34171B,N9340B-ADP,DSOX2000,33612A,33503A,1131A,N9310A,663XB-8ZJ,U1731B,6553A,N2800A,N3300A-UJ1,N2739A,N2848A,N2824A,8121-0695,8121-0694,DSOX2APPBNDL,33611A,B2960A,U8002A,E4980ALU-201,N33313A,1132A,DSOX2AUTO,8120-43831,U3606A,U1732B,6554A,34942A,681XB-1CP,BNC,1157A,U3606B,5464X,681XB-1CM,2000 X,N2738A,DSOX3ADVMATH,6551,N9340B-ABJ,8120-5490,8121-1330,N9340B-ABA,2000X,8121-1331,655XA,8120-8767,53100,8120-8768,34941A,6555A,34832A,663XB-120,N2822A,N9340B-AB2,3000TX,33500B,N5,N9330B-ADP,1130A,U2600A,N9340B-PA3,DSOX3EMBD,200,6641A,669XA-0B3,1131.,N2821A,DSOX3MASK,4000 X,5000,N3300,AC6800,6642A,34830A,N7900,N2820A,N2759A,33522A,33522B,1180CZ,663XB-100,DSOX4COMP,N9310A-1T,N9340B-TG3,6643A,N2867A,N2843A,U1401B,N9340B-INM,AC6804A,DSOX3AUDIO,34840B,DSOX4FLEX,669XA-908,669XA-909,N2733A,N2866B,N2733B,3458A-002,DSOX2EMBD,3458A-001,E2695A,DSO1012A,34972A,N9310A-1TC,60001,N2889A,N2756A,6063B-020,N2732A,AC6802A,6000A,U1270,6000X,DSO1014A,U1880A,N9340B-TAD,90000 X,663XB-020,N2779A,N2888A,6000L,DSOX3COMP,E2697A,N2863B,AC6803A,U2751A,34970A,L4411A,6000X,34401A,N9330B-202,N9330B-203,U1881A,N9330B-201,N2778A,N2887A,54826,8120-1689,7000,N2862B,E4980A-710,668XA-208,54830,U1250,DSOXEDK,6571A,681XB-208,N875XA,N2777A,6680A,N8756A,N8732A,N8950A,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD1163A,E3610-17A,AC6801A,DSOX3FLEX,681XB-200,10070D,N2885A,N2752A,N5440A,E3451B,81180A,U2531A,54600,6572A,E4980AL-100,6681A,N8757A,N2776A,U3402A,N8733A,53147A,8120-2956,N8951A,681XB-230,N2884A,N2751A,N7971A,DSO1102B,6641A-45A,DSOX2COMP,64997A,6682A,U1230,6573A,U3401A,N6773A,B2980A,N8754A,N7970A,N2750A,DCA-J 86100D,53230A,6813B-019,N5442A,6631BA,8120,6574A,6683A,54620,U1240,N8755A,5484X,N8731A,N2797A,N5770A,N2882A,N873XA,N5443A,34420A,N7973A,10073D,DSOXDVM,E2678A,80000,N28,N6775A,N8736A,8120-2104,N6751A,N8954A,DSOX4PWR,N2881A,E2655C,6063B,N2796A,N5444A,P66321B,N5771A,6812B,N7972A,10074D,E2679A,N5468A,N9340B-XDM,6811B,11053A,9000X,N8737A,N6774A,DSOX3MSO,N8955A,E3634A,N2771B,N2880A,DSOXPERFMSO,N6450,N2795A,N5772A,N5469A,9000,6813B,N5445A,U2356A,8121-6203,N7951A,N6459,N6753A,N8758A,U1242B,N6971A,N8734A,33220A,N8952A,N6777A,681XB-026,53181A,681XB-020,U2331A,661XC-760,10072A,N7950A,60XX-0B3,U2355A,N7974A,DSOX4AUDIO,34465A,E5813A,34138A,E4356A-909,E4356A-908,U1461A,N8759A,N6752A,N6970A,N8735A,N677XB,N6776A,N2793A,N9340B-IBC,U1591A,11058A,U2354A,N5750A,N7953A,N7977A,N5447A,N5423A,E5810B,E5810A,N6731B,N6973A,N2914,DSOX4APPBNDL,661XC-0B3,E3631A,N6755A,N2792A,DSOX3VID,E2675A,DSOX2MASKM,34330A,U2353A,N7976A,E4980AL,N5751A,N9340B-1TC,N5448A,N5424A,N7952A,34136A,DSOX2SEM,N3331A,N6972A,U1241B,E3630A,DSOX4AERO,34908A,N6754A,E2676A,N2791A,N9330B-1TC,N8738A,10075A,U2352A,N5752A,N5425A,U1452AT,3000T X,N577XA,N5449A,DSOXT3DVMCTR,7000B,TPS://WWW.SEKORM.COM/WEB/SEARCH/KEYWORD10076C\,3000 X,U2700 USB,U1177A,N6951A,E363XA-1CM,N2836A-68701,34907A,E3633A,N6733B,E2677A,N9310A-001,N2790A,N675XA,66000A-909,E4980A-301,N8739A,66000A-908,N7954A,10076B,34134A,10076C,U2351A,N5426A,34461A,66319B,8120-4753,N6732B,N6950A,N8957A,E3632A,34906A,N6756A,N6974A,66319D,N9330B-BCG,B2911A,N2111A,8120-5570,N9340B,E2614A,1161A,DSOX3AERO,6632B,8120-5572,N1022B,8120-5573,33250A,54830S,8120-5337,N6735B,N6977A,N6711A,N6953A,661XC-100,1162A,E2615A,6633B,34945EXT,N9330B-BAT,3012T,8120-5342,N6710B,66002A,N6976A,90000Z,N6734B,N6952A,DSOX4WAVEGEN2,90000X,U8031A,663XB-1CM,90000Q,663XB-1CP,34470A,E2616A,N575XA,6634B,8120-6204,661XC-120,90000A,66332A,6651A-55,DSOX2WAVEGEN,34939A,N673XB,1132,1131,82351A,1160A,N2819A,6611C,3034T,N5406A,8120-8871,66000A-0L2,34938A,N6736B,N6954A,N6712A,90000,E5396A,N9320B,6612C,N2818A,E
【选型】Keysight（是德科技）Agilent 射频和微波开关选型指南
目录- 射频和微波开关产品系列 机电同轴开关特性 机电开关产品性能 机电开关的典型应用 固态开关特性 低视频泄漏和超快的稳定时间 固态开关典型应用 驱动开关 11713B/C衰减器/开关驱动器典型应用 选择正确的开关技术 机电(EM)开关选型表 机电开关订货信息 衰减器/开关驱动器订货信息
型号- 87106D,N1812UL,8766K,87106A,87106C,87106B,11713B-401,11713B-801,U9397C,U9397A,L7104D,11713B-001,L7104B,34945A,L7104C,L7104A,L4490A,70611A,8765F,11764-60004,8765D,U1810TL,P9400,8765B,87606B,8765C,8765A,P9404,P9402,L4445A,11713C-601,11713C-201,11713-60043,11713-60042,11713-60044,11713-60047,5061-0969,8768M,8768K,U9397,11713B-908,11713B-909,P9400C,P9400A,11713B-501,11761-60001,U9400C,U9400A,11713B-101,SP2T,87204C,8767M,8767K,87204B,87204A,87406B,5061-9496,11713C-701,11713C-301,L4491A,N181X,11713B,5063-9212,11713A,P9373C,11713C,N1810UL,8762F,8762C,P9397A,8762A,8762B,P9402C,8764CL,SPDT,P9402A,11713B-601,11713B-201,FET SPDT,85331,5064-7848,SP4T,85332,85331B,8120-2703,87130A,N1810TL,87206B,8769M,87206A,8761B,8769K,87206C,11713C-001,8761A,34980A,11713C-801,L7222C,11713C-401,87106,SP3T,L7206C,87104,L7206A,L7206B,87222D,87222C,87222,87222E,85332B,87104C,87104B,87104D,87104A,8764C,11713B-301,8764A,8764B,P9404C,11713B-701,P9404A,L7106D,L7106B,L7106C,L7106A,SP6T,8762,N1811TL,L7104,8765,L7106,5063-9240,8763,8764,8763B,8763C,11713C-101,8763A,L7222,11713C-501,L7204C,L7204A,U9400,11713C-908,L7204B,11713C-909,SP5T
Keysight Enables First O-RAN Open Distributed Unit Fronthaul Certificate for ArrayComm through APOP
Keysight Technologies has enabled ArrayComm to obtain the first O-RAN ALLIANCE Fronthaul Certificate of Conformance for its open distributed unit (O-DU) with the Keysight Open RAN Architect (KORA) solutions. The certification was issued by the Asia ＆ Pacific OTIC in PRC (APOP).
厂牌及品类 发布时间 : 2023-03-30
Keysight（是德科技）信号发生器选型指南（中文）
目录- 信号发生器简介 信号发生器的频率范围 信号发生器产品类别 信号发生器主要技术指标对比 应用软件、核心功能和软件对比 Signal Studio 软件 台式 模块化
型号- M9383B,N5194A,M9381A,N5193A,M9380A,N5166B,N5191A,N5181B,N5182B,N5171B,N5172B,N5183B,N5173B,E8257D,E8663D,N5102A,N9310A,E8267D,N5182BX07,M9383A,M9384B,M9484C
Keysight（是德科技）Infiniium 示波器探头和附件选型指南（英文）
目录- Probe Compatibility Table InfiniiMax Active Probe System Overview Optical-to-Electrical Converter Active Termination Adapter InfiniiMode Active Probes Single-Ended Active Probes General Purpose Differential Active Probes AC/DC Current Probes High-Sensitivity Current Probe General Purpose Passive Probes High Voltage Passive Probe Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Logic Probes and Accessories Probing Accessories
型号- N2830A,N7008A,N7040A,P6241,P6243,E2614A,P6245,1250-4403,P6246,P6247,P6248,P6249,N5439A,N1022B,MX0103A,N2878A,N4839A,N27891A,N7007A,P6701B,P6250,P6251,E2615A,N2768A,N2877A,N2744A,90000X,N7042A,E2616A,MX0105A,90000 X,90000A,E5404A,N4829A,N2779A,N2888A,N2876A,N2750A SERIES,E2697A,N2851A,N7009A,N5450B,1160A-65A,N7041A,N2819A,P6711,N280XA,P5210A,P6713,P6703B,N2778A,N2766A,N2887A,N2875A,E5396A,MV-23,N4863A,N2874A,N5451A,N7020A,N7032A,P6205,N2818A,N2789A,0960-2907,N2777A,54904-61622,0960-2908,E5385A,N4864A,10070D,N4840A,N2885A,N2873A,N2752A,N5440A,MX0106A,90000 SERIES,N2829A,N2817A,N2776A,N2805A,N4853A,E5394A,N4841A,N2884A,N2751A,N2872A,MX0109A,N5477A,N7010A,N7022A,N2828A,54850,N2787A,N2816A,N2804A,N4842A,N2870A-76A,N4854A,N2786A,E5383B,N2750A,N2871A,N5442A,N7021A,N7033A,E2613A,N2839A,9000A,N2848,N2827A,N2803A,E2678B,N4831A,N2870A,N4843A,N2797A,N2785A,N5443A,N7000A,N7024A,10073D,80000,DP0002A,10467-68701,N2838A,N2826A,N2802A,N2881A,E2643A,E2655C,N2796A,N2784A,N2893A,1134B,1146B,N5444A,N7023A,E2679B,DP0001A,P5205,1147B,1147A,N2801A,N2849A,N2825A,N4844A,N2783B,E2644A,N7026A,N2880A,N5380B,N2795A,P5205A,N2783L,P5210,1131B,N5445A,N7002A,E2668B,N2812A,N2848A,N2836A,N2824A,N4845A,N2891A,N2782B,N5381B,N2697A,1168B,1132B,10072A,N7001A,E2669B,MX0023A,1169B,N2823A,N4846A,TCP202,N4822A,N2835A,N5446A-006,N7004A,N5446A-005,N2781B,N5446A-004,N5446A-003,10077A,N5446A-002,N5447A,N5446A-001,90000 Q-SERIES,N2822A,N7003A,N2780B,E2675B,10 076C,1130B,N5448B,5959-9334,N2833A,N2821A,E5346A,N4836A,10085-68701,N2791A,E2676B,N7006A,01650-61609,N700XA,10075A,N5425B,5968-4632E,N5449A,N2832A,N4837A,N2832B,N2820A,E2677B,N7005A,N2790A,11447B,N2831B,10076C,N5426A,MX0100A,N7042 A,N2831A,N4838A,5090-4833,N2879A
Keysight（是德科技）数据采集系统和开关解决方案产品选型指南
目录- DAQ970A / DAQ973A Data Acquisition System and Modules 34980A Data Acquisition System and Modules USB Data Acquisition Mainframe and Modules
型号- DAQ970A,U2354A,DAQM905A,DAQM909A,U2653A,34941A,U2300,DAQM900A,34921A,34945A,34933A,34925A,34937A,DAQ973A,U2802A,U2781A,U2353A,DAQM902A,U2652A,34980A,U2300 SERIES,34945EXT,34952A,34932A,DAQM901A,34924A,U2651A,U2352A,DAQM903A,U2356A,DAQM907A,U2600 SERIES,34951A,34931A,34923A,34947A,34959A,U2600,34939A,DAQM904A,U2331A,U2351A,DAQM908A,U2751A,U2355A,34950A,34942A,34934A,34922A,34946A,34938A
【选型】Keysight（是德科技）网络分析仪产品选型指南（中文）
目录- 网络分析仪产品简介 通用网络分析仪 ENA和精简系列USB矢量网络分析仪 PNA系列矢量网络分析仪 多端口测试仪/射频和微波固态开关/PXI多端口网络分析仪 PNA毫米波系统 手持式微波分析仪
型号- M9165B,N5221B,PNA-X,N5241B,N9914B,N5225B,N5245B,N5249B,N9950A,E5080B,E5080A,E5092A,E5072A,N9918B,N9951A,N5290A,N5242B,P916XB,P937XA,P916XA,N5234B,N5222B,M9808A,M9804A,P502XA,E5071C,E5063A,M9375A,P937XA 系列,PNA-L 系列,N9952A,N5231B,PNA 系列,P9165B,P9375A,N5247B,N5235B,N5239B,N5227B,P9370A,M9164B,P9164B,N5232B,N9913B,N5224B,P5008A,N5244B,M9019A,N529XA,PNA-X 系列,M980XA,P50XXA,P5024A,P5028A,E5061B
【选型】Keysight（是德科技）噪声系数测试仪选型指南
目录- 噪声系数概述 测量不确定度 噪声系数测量系统的组成 噪声系数分析仪 X系列信号分析仪（PXA/MXA/EXA/CXA） PNA-X微波网络分析仪 SNS系列智能噪声源 346系列传统噪声源 347系列高频噪声源 噪声源测试仪
型号- PNA,N2002A,PNA-X,N5241A,K40,NFA,N9069C,N5245A,H29,550,N8975AZ - K50,N8975AZ - K98,N8975AZ - K99,N8974B,N5242A,K50,N9010B,N9030A-526,N8975AZ - K40,N2002-90001,N8975AZ - K88,PXA,526,N4000A,N8975B,N8975A,K 系列,R347B,8510,K63,Q347B,N9030B,N8975AZ - K75,SNS,N4001A,N8976B,W9069C,NFA X,N5244A,346CK40,346CK01,N9020B,CXA,N9000B,EXA,N8975AZ - K63,X ÏΜÁÐ,X 系列,543,346,544,N9020A-526,347,028,MXA,029,N4002A,346C,346B,346A,N8973B
Keysight（是德科技）阻抗测量附件选型指南
目录- Impedance Measurements Accessories Introduction Tips for Selecting Appropriate Accessories Impedance Measurements Accessories Product overview Up to 120 MHz (4-Terminal Pair) Components Up to 3 GHz (7 mm) Components Other Accessories Impedance Measurements Accessories part number Index
型号- 16451-60021,04191-85302,8710-0909,16047-00621,E4982A,16032-60071,16198AU-110,16452-60111,16197-90000,16452-00611,16197A,04191-85300,16194A-010,42036A,8710-2081,16451-60014,16380-90011,16451-60013,16196-90040,16380-85101,16334-60001,16451-60012,E4991B-002,E4981A,16196B,16196A,16196D,16196C,42037A,16380-85104,16334A,16201A,16380-90221,16193-60002,16452-24002,16196U-400,16065-90020,1540-0692,42038A,16196-60150,8710-1770,16334-90000,16196U-410,16452-00602,16380C,16452-00601,16065C,16380A,16089A,42030-60100,42942A-700,16065A,16089C,42039A,16089B,16198A,16452-00604,16452-00603,16061-70022,16092-08010,42032A,E4990A-120,16452A,16196-290302,16061-70021,1250-0080,16454-60101,42942-90020,16196-60250,1250-2375,16454-00601,16198A-522,16198AU-202,16198A-521,16198AU-201,16198A-520,16192A,1252-5821,5182-0434,16451B,5182-0435,5182-0436,42033A,5182-0433,16190-90020,16194A-701,16451-60001,16198A-530,16198AU-210,E4980A,16197-25006,42090A,1250-2840,16197-25007,8710-1181,16198A-531,E4991B,16197-25005,16200B,42941-90010,0515-1050,16454A,42034A,16047-01222,16047-01221,42091A,1401-0123,16047-90011,16198AU-104,16198AU-103,16198AU-102,16198AU-101,E4990A,16194A,16453A,16196-60350,16196-60114,16196-60112,42035A,16196-60113,0515-1229,16196U-020,16048-90031,16092A,42030-90001,16048H,16048G,16048D,16048E,16196-24004,16048A,16454-25002,16454-25003,16454-25004,16196C-710,1540-0622,16198A-200,16198AU-522,16198AU-521,16198AU-520,16198A-201,42941-60011,13200-90011,16196-29002,16453-90010,16089-90001,16047E,16196-60450,16196-60213,16196-60214,16047A,16196-60212,16454-25001,E5061B-3L3,16048-90050,E5061B-3L4,42030A,E5061B-3L5,0905-1277,16197A-001,16047-90040,16198A-210,16198AU-531,16198AU-530,42942-60011,04291-60043,16192-90040,16197-29001,0699-6926,42031A,16198AU-545,16198A-101,16198AU-540,16454-90020,16198A-100,16198AU-544,5188-4452,16048-90041,16198A-102,16191-29006,16191-29007,16190B,16191-29004,16191-29005,16191-29002,16191-29003,16089-90020,16191-29001,16196-29027,16196-60312,16196-29028,16191-29008,16196-29026,16197-00603,16198A-110,16197-00604,8121-0003,16192A-701,16453-60011,42941A,16034-90011,16034-90012,E4980AL,1250-1200,0955-1105,16065-90011,16452-90020,16192A-710,16196-60414,5182-7586,16453-60021,0699-2829,16196-60412,42942A,16198A-ABJ,16047-00640,16192A-010,16034-90041,19196D,16034H,42941-60002,16034E,42941-60004,16034G,0515-0914,16452-01201,16194-90030,16198A-ABA,16047-65001,MAR-21,16453-01213,0699-2488,16190-25011,04193-61679,E5061B,16092-90010,16197-60060
【选型】Keysight（是德科技）Infiniium 示波器探头和附件选型指南（中文）
目录- 探头兼容性表 InfiniiMax 有源探头系统概述 有源端接适配器 InfiniiMode 有源探头 单端有源探头 通用差分有源探头 交流/直流电流探头 高灵敏度电流探头 通用无源探头 高压无源探头 混合信号示波器逻辑探头和附件 探测附件
型号- N2830A,8104A,P6241,N2830A-32A,P6243,E2614A,P6245,P6246,P6247,P6248,P6249,N5439A,N2744A T2A,N1022B,N4839A,N2878A,N27891A,E2695A,P6701B,P6250,P6251,54853B,E2615A,54853A,5063-2115,N2768A,N2877A,N2744A,90000X,DSO90254,90000Q,E2616A,L,S,V,DSO9254A,90000A,N2779A,N4829A,N2888A,N2876A,Z,DSO9404A,5063-2120,E2697A,DSO90000,N2851A,N5450B,N7300A,N2819A,N280XA,P6711,P5210A,P6713,5063-2137,P6703B,、N2821A,N2778A,N2887A,N2766A,5063-2135,N2875A,54846B,MV-23,N4863A,N2874A,N5451A,、N2820A,N7020A,54006A,P6205,N2818A,MSO9404A,N2789A,N2777A,0960-2907,0960-2908,N4864A,10070D,N4840A,90000-X,N2885A,N2752A,N2873A,N5440A,54845B,N2829A,N2817A,1130A-34A,N2776A,N2805A,N27181B,N4853A,N2800A-03A,DSO90604A,N4841A,N2884A,N2751A,N2872A,N5477A,N5441A,N7010A,N2828A,DSA90604A,N2787A,90000-Q,N27182B,N2816A,N2804A,N4842A,N2870A-76A,N4854A,N2786A,N2883A,N2750A,N2871A,N5442A,E2613A,86100D,N283L,DSO80000,N2848,N2827A,N2803A,N27183B,N2870A,N4831A,N4843A,N2797A,N2785A,N2882A,N5443A,N7000A,10073D,E2678A,DSA90404A,、N2876A,10467-68701,N2838A,DSA90254A,N2826A,N2802A,N2881A,E2643A,E2655C,N2796A,N2784A,N2893A,1134A,1146B,N5444A,N2783,E2679A,P5205,1147B,1147A,N2801A,N2849A,N 2 8 8 0 A,N4844A,N2825A,N2783B,E2644A,N2771B,5483XD,N2880A,N5380B,5483XB,N2795A,P5205A,1131A,N2783L,P5210,9000,E2668A,N5445A,N7002A,1168A,N2812A,N2800A,DSO90404,N2848A,N2836A,N4845A,N2824A,90008A,N5381A,N2782B,N2891A,01160-68701,N2697A,MSO9254A,1132A,E2669A,10072A,DSA80000,N7001A,1169A,DSO9104A,N4846A,N4822A,TCP202,N5446A-006,N5446A-005,N2781B,N5446A-004,N7000A-03A,N5446A-003,N5382A,10077A,1153A,1165A,N5446A-002,N5447A,1141A,N5446A-001,5063-2149,N2822A,5063-2147,5063-2140,5063-2143,N7003A,N7100A,E2675A,N2780B,1142A,1154A,1130A,MSO9104A,N2821A,N4836A,N7200A,E2676A,N2791A,N700XA,10075A,N5425A,N5449A,N2832A,N4837A,N2820A,E2677A,N2790A,10076B,10076C,N5426A,9064A,N2831A,N4838A,DSA90000,N2879A
Keysight（是德科技）53200系列射频和通用频率计数器/计时器选型指南
目录- RF and Universal Frequency Counters/Timers Abbreviated Characteristics and Specifications RF and Universal Frequency Counters/Timers Ordering Information
型号- N2870A,531XXA FAMILY,34190A,34191A,53181A,N2874A,N2873A,53131A,53230A,53200 SERIES,34131A,53200 FAMILY,1250-1476,34194A,53200,53220A,53132A,531XXA,53210A
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授权代理品牌：电源及模块
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授权代理品牌：仪器仪表及测试配组件
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