【技术】解析集总元件滤波器：一种紧凑型低频波滤波器
虽然楼氏电容事业部（KNOWLES Precision Devices）一向以供应专业的高性能毫米波滤波器装置而著称。但是，您是否知道，Knowles也擅长供应使用集总元件滤波器构造的各种低频滤波装置呢？在这篇博客文章中，Knowles将探讨基本的集总元件滤波器设计、常规的集总元件滤波器特点，以及如何打破集总元件滤波器的设计限制，开发各种高性能低频滤波的装置。
集总元件滤波器结构的基本理论
一般来说，集总元件滤波器是用一定数量的电感器（Ls）、电容器（Cs）和电阻（Rs）构成的无源滤波器， 以满足特定应用的特定滤波需求。 在最基本层面上，集总元件滤波器可由一组简单的LC谐振器构成，如图1所示。
图1. 通用集总元件L-C结构的示例
滤波器的谐振器在频率响应中产生极点和零点。当函数接近零时，取值为零，当构成函数的根接近最大函数时，取值为极点。通过了解极点和零点的工作原理，大家可以用Ls和Cs组成谐振器，并将极点和零点放置在所需的位置，严格控制频率响应。
集总元件滤波器的特点
集总元件滤波器在低频下可实现普通陶瓷、腔体或导波无法实现的小体积。此外，集总元件滤波器设计在电气性能以及机械和热特性方面都是高度可定制的。这是因为Knowles严格把控元件和材料选择以及装配技术方面。例如，集总元件滤波器可以建立具有耐受温度和输入功率范围，而其他谐振器技术可能无法实现。
用集总元件结构可以构建那些类型的滤波器？
集总元件结构实现包括低通、高通、带通和带阻等所有常见滤波器类型。正如我们在设计基本滤波器电路博客中的详述那般，低通和高通元件的开发相对简单，而将这两种行径结合可以更容易建立旁路滤波器。
楼氏电容事业部（Knowles Precision Devices）的集总元件滤波器都有哪些功能？
楼氏电容事业部（Knowles Precision Devices）供应的集总元件滤波器装置，涵盖下图2所示的频率和带宽范围。
图2. 集总元件滤波器覆盖的频率范围显示在以蓝色轮廓突出显示的红色区域中。
与其他供应商不同，Knowles用先进的建模和设计能力，几乎可以实现各种滤波器响应模型，我们可以定制集总元件滤波器，确保在高功率、高温和恶劣环境条件下稳定运行。更确切地说，Knowles的集总元件滤波器可以设计成以下规格：
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可定制射频隔离器/环行器（10M-40GHz），双工器/三工器（30MHz/850MHz-20GHz），滤波器（DC-20GHz），功分器，同轴负载，同轴衰减器等射频器件；可定制频率覆盖DC~110GHz，功率最高20KW。
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