浅谈稳压二极管的选用和使用条件
稳压二极管是工作在反向击穿状态下的,使管子两端电压基本不变的一种特殊二极管。选用稳压管时,要根据具体电子电路来考虑,简单的并联稳压电源,输出电压就是稳压管的稳定电压。晶体管收音机的稳压电源可选用2CW54型的稳压管,其稳定电压达6.5V即可。
稳压管的稳压值离散性很大,即使同一厂家同一型号产品其稳定电压值也不完全一样,这一点在选用时应加注意。对要求较高的电路选用前对稳压值应进行检测。
使用稳压管时应注意,二极管的反向电流不能无限增大,否则会导致二极管的过热损坏。因此,稳压管在电路中一般需串联限流电阻。在选用稳压管时,如需要稳压值较大的管子,维修现场又没有,可用几只稳压值低的管子串联使用;当需要稳压值较低的管子时而又买不到,可以用普通硅二极管正向导通代替稳压管用。比如用两只2CZ82A硅二极管串联,可当作一个1.4V的稳压管使用;但稳压管一般不得并联使用。
目前国产稳压管还有三个电极的,如2DW7型稳压管。这种稳压管是将两个稳压二极管相互对称地封装在一起,使两个稳压管的温度系数相互抵消,提高了管子的稳定性。这种三个电极的稳压管的外形很像晶体三极管,选用的时候要加以区别。
在收录机、彩色电视机的稳压电路中,可以选用1N4370型、1N746-1N986型系列稳压二极管。比如1N966型管(2CW8)的稳定电压为16V,动态电阻为17Ω,电压温度系数为0.09。1N975型(2CW71)稳定电压力39V,动态电阻为80Ω,反向测试电流为3.0mA,反向漏电流为5μA,功耗为500mw。
在电气设备和其他无线电电子设备的稳压电路中可选用硅稳压二极管,2CW100-2CW121系列型稳压管。
稳压二极管要工作有两个条件:
1、反向加在稳压二极管上的电压要大于稳压管的稳压值。
2、通过稳压管的电流要达到其工作条件(也就是反向电流要足够大,一般至少是几个mA)。
你按我说的搭电路,假定是6.2V稳压管,电源正极(9V)——电阻(R)——稳压管负极——稳压管正极——电源负极。
这个电阻要根据稳压管的参数计算过,假定稳压的时候,电流是5mA,则电阻的大小=(9-6.2)/5mA=1.4K左右,你用一个1K的电阻就可以了。然后你再用万用表去测稳压管负极与地的电压,基本上就在6.2V附近,也就是稳压了。
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鲁晶(LuJing)二极管/三极管/功率器件/SiC器件/GaN器件选型指南
描述- Jinan Lujing Semiconductor Co., Ltd. is a national high-tech company mainly engaged in the R&D. production and sales of semiconductor power components (diodes, transistor, MOS and Sic power components). "LuJing" brand diodes, transistors and MOS are widely used in intelligent home appliances, electrical tools, power supply, industrial control, adapters, LED lighting, tele-communication and etc.
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