【技术浅谈】TVS的选型计算你做对了吗?（续）

时间： 2024-09-07 来源：Littelfuse公众号

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俗话说“书接上回”详见【技术浅谈】TVS的选型计算你做对了吗？，那么再写个续集吧！

细心的朋友可能会发现，上一篇写的计算方法针对的是单次的浪涌，比如Surge test一般两次浪涌之间会有30~60s的间隔时间，这意味着TVS有足够的时间去把吸收的浪涌能量给耗散掉，不会因为热累积而导致TVS温度过高而损坏。

但是，现实中还有一些情况是会有重复浪涌的。比如下图，MOSFET作为低边开关来控制感性负载L，MOSFET会由PWM控制进行周期性的开关，每次关断（turn off）时，L都会因为反向的感应电动式E而产生一个尖峰电压Vspike。

Vspike = L×di/dt (L大; Ipeak大；t小 -->Vspike大)

此时MOSFET的 Vds需要承受12 V+Vspike的电压，如果Vspike很高的话是有可能会损坏MOSFET的，这时候TVS就有它的用武之地了。

下图这个示例中，MOSFET的Vds=100V，考虑10%的裕量，TVS的Vc需要<100×90%=90V以保护MOSFET。

OK, 那么在这种重复浪涌的应用中，如果选用TVS做保护，选型和计算时需要如何来考虑呢？一起来看看吧！

1. 平均功率PAVG的计算

这里我们可以先假设TVS吸收了所有L存储的能量（这是worst case情况，实际上L，R, diode，TVS都会吸收L所存储的能量，做这个假设是为了方便计算）。

电感量：L=50mH

峰值电流：Ipeak=V/R =12/24 =0.5A

频率：f=100Hz

PAVG=1/2 × L x Ipeak^2 × f=1/2 x 50 mH x 0.5^2 x100 =0.625W

这个结果有什么意义呢？请接着往下看。

2. TVS结温Tj的计算

TVS的SPEC中会有Tj(max)这个参数，绝大多数情况下，只要计算得到的Tj<Tj(max)，我们就可以认为TVS是安全的，不会损坏。

参考下图，取热阻系数Rth(j-a):

这里取焊盘面积Scu=0.5cm^2，可以得到 Rth(j-a)=92℃/W

Tj=Tamb+PAVG×Rth(j-a) =85+0.625×92=142.5℃

参考SMBJ系列TVS的SPEC：

Tj=142.5℃<Tj(max) =150℃

So，这颗SMBJ/600W的TVS，从平均功率PAVG的角度来说选型是OK的。

3. 确定TVS的VBR

这里需要强调的一点是，在重复浪涌的应用中，首先应该考虑尽量减小Ipeak，也就是流经TVS的电流Ipp。因为如果还是像单次浪涌那样，以Ppp=Ipp×Vc作为评估的标准，那么重复浪涌会造成短时间内的能量累积，TVS无法有效地耗散这些能量，从而导致Tj温度急剧上升而损坏。

根据经验，建议Ipp<1A，参考下图，此时Vc≈VBR。

这个案例中需要选择VBR(max)<90V的TVS, 参考下表SMBJ70A的VBR(max)=86.0V, 可以满足要求。

计算到这里基本上也就差不多了，如果还有兴趣可以做一下温度校正，公式如下：

Vc(Tj)=Vc(25°C) ×(1+αT×(Tj −25°C))

αT=0.105%/℃ (查SPEC得到)

Vc(25℃)=86.0V

Tj=142.5℃

Vc(Tj=142.5℃) = 86×(1+0.105%×(142.5-25))= 96.6V<Vds=100V

综上所述，SMBJ70A可以满足本次的选型需求。

最后，我想说，其实在重复浪涌的应用中，还有许多值得探讨的地方。比如RCD的snubber电路、压敏电阻MOV等都是可以考虑的保护方案，这篇文章只是起一个抛砖引玉的作用，欢迎交流！

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本文由雪飘梦飞转载自Littelfuse公众号，原文标题为:【技术浅谈】TVS的选型计算你做对了吗?（续），本站所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的，且明确注明来源，不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系，我们将立即进行删除处理。

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本报告主要针对DO-214AA和DO-214AC封装的TVS STD产品进行第二片晶圆来源和额外EMC来源的认证。报告详细介绍了产品的物理、电气和可靠性测试结果，包括参数测试、可靠性测试和电学特性总结。测试结果显示，第二片晶圆来源和额外EMC来源均符合规格要求，并已通过认证，可用于生产。

LITTELFUSE - TVS,COMMERCIAL TVS,商业TVS,P4SMA16A,SMAJ6.0CA,1.5SMB39CA,SMAJ40CA,SMA6J78CA,1KSMB110A,SMBJ8.5CA,SMBJ51A,SMBJ45CA-SA-GT3,SMBJ75A,P6SMB56A,SMAJ60CA-N,SMBJ100CA-N,SMBJ8.0A-23-TR70,SMAJ48CA-23-TR70,SMBJ12CA-SA-GT3,SMAJ120A,SMAJ110CA,SMAJ51CA,SMBJ400A-37,P6SMB30A,SMBJ5.0A-012,P6SMB62CA,SMAJ250A,P4SMA,SMAJ350CA,P4SMA530CA,P4SMA8.2CA,SMAJ13CA-23-RG70,SMAJ64CA,1KSMB7.6A,P4SMA18A,SMA6J54CA,1KSMB8.2CA,SMA6J7.0A,SMAJ8.0A,P4SMA16CA,SMBJ8.5CA-KF,P6SMB100A,SMBJ48CA-23-TR70,SMBJ300A,SMBJ150CA,P4SMA91CA,SMAJ70A,SMBJ6.0CA-SA-GT3,SMAJ75CA,P6SMB400CA,SMA6J43CA,1KSMB9.1A,SMBJ15CA-KF,SMA6J40A,SMBJ16CA,SMA6J64A,SMBJ6.0CA-37,P4SMA27CA,P6SMB170CA,SMBJ120A-23-TR70,SMAJ10CA-23-TR70,SMBJ33A-T7,SMA6J45A,SMBJ7.5CA-23-TR70,P6SMB75A,P6SMB51A,1KSMB160CA,SMA6J5.0A,P6SMB75CA,SMBJ170CA,SMA6J22A,SMBJ16A-23-TR70,P6SMB9.1CA,SMAJ100A,1KSMB27A,1KSMB7.5A,P4SMA300A,SMAJ30A-N,P6SMB250A,SMAJ5.0A-23-TR70,SACB7.0,P4SMA160CA,1KSMB130A,P6SMB7.5CA,SMA6J43A,P4SMA82CA,SMAJ7.0CA-23-RG70,SMAJ18A-23-RG70,SMAJ150A-L,SMBJ400CA,SMBJ36A-GT3,P6SMB120A,SMA6J10CA,P6SMB51CA,SMBJ7.5CA-SA-GT3R,P4SMA18CA,P6SMB6.8A,P4SMA540A,P6SMB300CA,SMAJ90A,SMBJ14CA,SMBJ70A,SMA6J45CA,P6SMB8.2A,SMA6J20A,SMAJ7.0CA,SMBJ48A-23-RG70,SMAJ8.5A,1KSMB30CA,P4SMA550CA,P4SMA56A,P6SMB,SMBJ33CA-MN,P6SMB540CA,SMA6J36CA,SMAJ18CA-23-TR70,P6SMB16A,P6SMB300A,1KSMB22A,SMBJ130CA,1KSMB62CA-N,1.5SMB39A,1KSMB43CA,SMAJ18CA,SMBJ45CA-SA-GT3R,P4SMA33A,SMAJ28A-23-TR70,SMBJ36CA,P4SMA170A,SMBJ5.0A-23-TR70,P6SMB39A,P6SMB15A,SMAJ250CA,1KSMB150A,P6SMA440CA-L,1KSMB47A,SMBJ7.5CA-GT3,SMBJ15CA-ER,P4SMA10A,P6SMB27CA,SMAJ60CA,SMA6J7.5CA,SMA6J58CA,P6SMB91CA,SMA6J12CA,P6SMB200CA,P4SMA12CA,P4SMA480CA,1KSMB24A,P6SMB16CA,P4SMA11A,SMBJ14CA-23-TR70,SMBJ90A,SMBJ12CA,SMBJ58CA,P6SMB13A,SMBJ17CA-23-TR70,SMBJ36A-23-RG70,SMAJ130CA,SMBJ350CA,SMBJ100A-ER,SMBJ5.0A,P4SMA12A,P4SMA36A,P6SMB75A-N,SMA6J85A,P6SMB36A,SMAJ16CA,P6SMB12A,P4SMA36CA,SMAJ5.0CA,SMBJ11CA-54,P6SMA440A-IE,P4SMA13A,SMAJ14A-,P6SMB10A,1KSMB170A,P4SMA47CA,P6SMB11A,SMAJ150CA,1KSMB56CA,P4SMA250A-SF,1KSMB10CA,1KSMB43A,P6SMB100CA,SMAJ8.0CA-23-TR70,SMBJ45CA,P6SMB58A,1KSMB180CA,SMA6J8.5CA,SMBJ170A,SMA6J14CA,SMBJ10CA,P6SMB540A,1KSMB68A,SMBJ6.0CA-23-RG70,SMBJ58A-ER,1KSMB20A,P6SMB18CA,P4SMA15A,SMAJ300A,SMAJ36CA-LC,P4SMA39A,SMAJ150A-23-RG70,SMA6J60A,SMBJ250CA,P6SMB82CA,P6SMB33A,P6SMB400A-102,P4SMA20CA-54,SMAJ6.5CA-23-TR70,P6SMB440CA,1KSMB7.6CA,1KSMB6.8CA,SMAJ36CA-54T7,1KSMB18CA-DH,SMBJ5.0CA,P6SMB47CA,1.5SMB43A,SMBJ220CA,P4SMA480A,SMAJ200CA-54T7,SMAJ14A-23-TR70,P6SMB220CA,SMBJ48A-SA-GT3,SMAJ16A,1KSMB24CA,1KSMB62A,P4SMA130A,P6SMB36CA,SMBJ78CA,SMA6J18CA,1.5SMB20CA,SMAJ48CA,SMBJ43CA,SMBJ170A-SA-GT3R,SMBJ5.0CA-KF,SMAJ17A,SMBJ440CA-23-RG70,SMAJ7.5CA,SMAJ22A-23-TR70,SMAJ13CA-23-TR70,SMBJ45CA-23-TR70,P4SMA110CA,1KSMB110CA,SMBJ9.0A-23-TR70,SMBJ33CA-0028,SMBJ7.0A,SMAJ400A,SMA6J16CA,1.5SMB100CA,SMBJ54CA,SMAJ15CA,SMBJ18A,SMAJ14A,SMBJ150A,SMAJ90CA,SMAJ24A-N,P6SMB12CA,P6SMB58CA,1.5SMB20A,SMAJ300CA,SMAJ15A-54T7,P6SMB440A-101,P4SMA30CA,SMAJ26CA,SMBJ100CA,1.5SMB68A,SMA6J7.0CA,SMAJ15A,1KSMB13CA,1KSMB,SMA6J100A,P6SMB120CA,1.5SMB23A,SMBJ26A-23-TR70,MSMBJSAC5.0,1KSMB82A,1.5SMB33CA,SMBJ16A,SMBJ30CA,1.5SMB47A,SMAJ36A,SMAJ12A,P4SMA51A,P4SMA75A,1.5SMB22A,SMA6J90A,SMAJ8.5CA,SMBJ10A-23-TR70,SMAJ180A,P4SMA150A,SMBJ440CA,1.5SMB68CA,1.5SMB22CA,P4SMA43CA,SMBJ17A,SMAJ15CA-23-TR70,SMAJ13A,SMBJ120CA,SMBJ70CA-ER,SMAJ18A-23-TR70,SMBJ18CA-23-TR70,SMBJ14A,SMBJ5.0CA-23-TR70,P6SMB18A,SMAJ13CA,P4SMA10CA,SMAJ100CA-23-TR70,P4SMA56CA,SMAJ7.0A-23-TR70,SMAJ15A-23-TR70,SMBJ28CA-ER,SMAJ58A,SMBJ130A,SMAJ10A,SMA6J60CA,1KSMB15CA,SMBJ7.5A,SMBJ7.0CA-23-TR70,SMA6J8.0CA,SMBJ15A,SMAJ24CA,SMAJ400CA,SMAJ170CA,1.5SMB24A,P6SMB440CA-L,SMAJ11A,P4SMA30A,P4SMA440A,SMA6J120A,SMA6J51CA,SMBJ9.0A,SMBJ6.0A-54,SMA6J6.0CA,SMBJ58CA-37,SMBJ12A,SMBJ16CA-23-RG70,SMAJ200CA,SMAJ8.5CA-23-TR70,SMBJ36A,P6SMB150A,SMBJ24CA-23-TR70,SMAJ6.0A,SMAJ33CA,SMBJ6.0CA-SA-GT3R,SMBJ350A,1.5SMB82A,SMBJ6.5CA,P4SMA550A,SMA6J26A,SMA6J40CA,1KSMB39CA,P6SMB82A,1.5SMB24CA,SMAJ160A,SMBJ13A,SMBJ85CA,SACB5.0,P6SMB43CA,1KSMB150CA,SMAJ33CA-54T7,SMAJ33A,P4SMA220A,SMBJ6.0A-23-TR70,SMAJ40CA-23-TR70,SMBJ58A,SMBJ22CA-23-TR70,SMAJ85A-L,SMAJ11CA,SMBJ110A,P6SMB30CA,SMBJ220A-L,SMBJ75CA-23-TR70,SMAJ78A,SMBJ300CA,SMAJ54A,SMAJ30A,SMA6J24A,SMBJ5.0A-54,SMA6J48A,SMBJ11CA-SA-GT3R,SMBJ10A,SMBJ36A-23-TR70,SMA6J8.5A,P6SMB8V2CA,SMAJ440CA,SMBJ11A,P6SMB480CA,SMAJ36CA-23-TR70,HTVSB7.0CA-100,SMAJ22CA,SMBJ220A,SMAJ75A,SMBJ51CA-23-TR70,SMAJ51A,SMBJ33A-014,SMAJ100CA,P4SMA510CA,P4SMA9.1A,SMBJ7.5CA,SMA6J5.0CA,P4SMA91A,P6SMB10CA,P6SMB170A,SMBJ12CA-N,P4SMA110A,1.5SMB62A,SMAJ188A,SMA6J6.5A,SMBJ33A,SMAJ6.5A,SMBJ440A,SMA6J75CA,SMAJ20CA,SMAJ6.0CA-23-TR70,SMAJ6.5CA,SMBJ200CA,SMBJ78A,P4SMA7.5A,SMAJ28A-37,P4SMA350A,SMAJ150A-23-TR70,P6SMB56CA,SMA6J64CA,SMA6J28A,SMBJ30A,SMBJ54A,P4SMA6.8CA,SMA6J8.0A,P4SMA180CA,1KSMB130CA,SMBJ200A,SMBJ5.0CA-MD,P6SMB15CA-HW,P6SMB400A-SCH,SMBJ,P4SMA400A,1KSMB18A,P4SMA9.1CA,P6SMB160CA,P6SMB43A,P4SMA15CA,P6SMB68A,SMBJ20CA-SA-GT3,SMBJ70CA,SMBJ170A-SA-GT3,P6SMB110A,P4SMA170CA,SMBJ24A-37,1KSMB9.1CA,SMBJ6.5A-37,P4SMA7.5CA,SMAJ7.5A,1KSMB62CA,SMA6J54A,SMAJ350A,SMA6J78A,SMBJ13A-C,SMAJ60A,SMAJ,P4SMA510A,SMAJ12CA-23-TR70,SMBJ17CA,SMBJ40A,P

3/9/2023 - 产品变更通知及停产信息 - Revision : A 代理服务技术支持采购服务

TVS管如何选型？

TVS选型一般参考： 1、TVS是用来防护浪涌电流的，首先确定TVS的Ipp，或者通过信号功率来确定Ipp； 2、其次确定待防护电路的直流电压或持续工作电压。如果是交流电，应计算出最大值，即用有效值*1.414； 3、根据已知工作电压，选择TVS的Vrwm，要求Vrwm要大于工作电压，否则工作电压大于Vrwm会导致TVS反向漏电流增大，接近导通，或者雪崩击穿，影响正常电路工作。 4、所选TVS的最大箝位电压Vc不能大于被防护电路可以承受的最大电压。否则，当TVS钳在Vc时会对电路造成损坏。 6、确认单极性还是双极性，双向TVS用于交流电或来自正负双向脉冲的场合。 littelfuse TVS选型参考：https://www.sekorm.com/doc/989593.html

2018-12-10 - 技术问答代理服务技术支持采购服务

LITTELFUSE SMBJ-HRA系列瞬态抑制二极管选型表

反向隔离电压：3.3V至600V 峰值脉冲额定功率：200W至30KW 可提供高电流保护，峰值脉冲电流：8/20 1kA、3kA、6kA、10kA、15kA至20kA

产品型号	品类	厂牌	Reverse Stand off Voltage V-R (Volts)	Breakdown Voltage V-BR (Volts) @ I-T MIN	Breakdown Voltage V-BR (Volts) @ I-T MAX	Test Current I-T (mA)	Maximum Clamping Voltage V-C @ I-PP (V)	Maximum Peak Pulse Current I-PP (A)	Maximum Reverse Leakage I-R @ V-R (µA)
SMBJ5.0A-HRA	TVS Diode	LITTELFUSE	5	6.4	7	10	9.2	65.3	800

选型表 - LITTELFUSE 立即选型

TVS失效模式是咋样的，如果短路是不是很不安全。

tvs失效模式一般指短路，但如果通过的电流过大，温度过高而炸裂时，也会造成开路。TVS失效容易造成整机中器件或部件的损坏。所以，使用TVS管，一定要选用可靠性高的产品，建议使用力特的产品。

2017-12-12 - 技术问答代理服务技术支持采购服务

一个大功率的镀膜电源项目，需要用到高反向工作电压的TVS，请问有合适的TVS型号推荐吗？

你好，高反向工作电压的TVS管，推荐使用力特15KPA, 20KPA, 30KPA系列的TVS，数据手册链接https://www.sekorm.com/doc/2237953.html

2022-11-28 - 技术问答代理服务技术支持采购服务

【应用】雷击强烈干扰都不怕！TVS管帮你保护CAN FD端口

SM24CANB-02HTG内含两个钳位电压为34V的TVS管，寄生电容仅30pF。

2017-05-05 - 新产品代理服务技术支持采购服务

在TVS应用中，双向TVS是否可以替换单向TVS使用？

一般双向的TVS可以抑制正反过压，当应用于通讯接口时可以使用双向的TVS，当用于电源接口时，如果要考虑防接反功能的话则不能用双向TVS替代。

2017-07-11 - 技术问答代理服务技术支持采购服务

LFPCN41457 TPSMDxx DO214-AB汽车TVS容量扩展和BCP

Littelfuse宣布对其DO214-AB Automotive TVS产品进行产能扩张，并实施业务连续性计划（BCP）。新产能将支持汽车客户在电气化发展中的长期增长。产能扩张包括新增生产线，并引入第二供应商以增强供应链。产品形式、功能、质量、可靠性保持不变，无零件号变更，生效日期为2023年1月30日。

LITTELFUSE - TVS,TPSMD17CA,TPSMD20A,TPSMD64A,TPSMD70CA-HE,TPSMD15CA,TPSMD40A,TPSMD36A,TPSMD24A,TPSMD12A,TPSMD60A,TPSMD70CA,TPSMD28A,TPSMD78CA,TPSMD16A,TPSMD30CA,TPSMD48A,TPSMD51CA,TPSMD13CA,TPSMD36CA,TPSMD11CA,TPSMD16A-PL,TPSMD10CA-PL,TPSMD85A,TPSMD48CA,TPSMD13A,TPSMD24CA-HE,TPSMD43A-T7,TPSMD45A,TPSMD33A,TPSMD17A,TPSMD2816CA,TPSMD40CA,TPSMD10A,TPSMD18CA-UA,TPSMD54A,TPSMD18CA,TPSMD30A,TPSMD16CA,TPSMD14A,TPSMD58A,TPSMD78A,TPSMD22A,TPSMD3516CA,TPSMD70A,TPSMD33CA-HE,TPSMD18A,TPSMD48CA-T7,TPSMD54CA,TPSMD10CA,TPSMD26A,TPSMD58CA,TPSMD14CA,TPSMD75CA,TPSMD12CA,TPSMD33CA,TPSMD28CA,TPSMD43A,SMDJ16CA-PL,TPSMD75A,TPSMD26CA,TPSMD51A,TPSMD11A,TPSMDXX,TPSMD60CA,TPSMD39A-UA,TPSMD20CA,TPSMD43CA,TPSMD15A,TPSMD24CA,TPSMD85CA,TPSMD15CA-PL,TPSMD22CA,TPSMD45CA,TPSMD64CA,汽车,AUTOMOTIVE

Oct 31th, 2022 - 产品变更通知及停产信息代理服务技术支持采购服务