AT32讲堂 | 雅特力AT32 MCU的随机数生成

时间： 2024-09-29 来源：AT32 MCU 雅特力科技公众号

技术问答

概述

产品和生态系统安全性的需求比以往任何时候都更加重要。真随机数是所有安全系统的核心，其质量会影响设计的安全性。

因此在没有内置硬件TRNG的AT32的微控制器系列中，如何提高随机数的有效，来符合应用的需求。底下提供两种方法：

提高乱度的方法之一，使用ADC的误差。AT32的微控制器内置最多三个高级12位片上SAR模拟数字转换器（ADC）并提供自校准功能，保证12位ADC静态准确度（accuracy）可达10位以上。这误差可以拿来计算随机数的来源。

提高乱度的方法之二，使用上电时SRAM内容的不确定性。SRAM不保证上电时的内容值，每次上电后，内容也是不容易预测的。我们可以利用这个特性，拿来增加随机数的乱度。

利用ADC的误差来源产生随机数的方法

本章介绍了使用软件触发方式触发ADC，配置普通信道和DMA。根据随机数需要的位数来配置信道数，一次转换最多到16信道，将16信道转换的数值可组合计算成一个32位的随机数。底下是DMA和ADC的配置代码。

● DMA配置函数代码

●ADC配置函数代码

可以看到，代码中并没有对ADC做自校准，转换时间也使用最短的，这种情况下，ADC的准确度会是最差的，有助于乱度的提升。

●ADC随机数取得代码

利用上电时SRAM的内容来计算随机数的方式

这范例只是简单的利用累加来获得一个随机数

●SRAM配置函数代码

随机生成应用指南

以上两种方式建议应用在上电后执行，因为SRAM内容在运行后会初始化，ADC也会有其他应用上的需求，上电后执行并获得一个随机数，将这个随机数当成Seed，之后可以利用标准C函式库中提供的随机数生成器，产生后续的随机数。

SRAM的方式限定在POR后使用。如果只是一般的reset，SRAM会维持内容，造成产生的随机数都是相同。

ADC的方式则没有限制，但是因为使用ADC外设的资源，推荐放在开机时执行，不会影响后续的ADC应用。

范例运行和分析

本篇应用笔记适用于AT32各系列MCU，只要有ADC外设皆可适用。范例固件AN0175_SourceCode_V2.0.0运行在AT32403A AT-START版上，透过 PuTTY（免费开源终端仿真器）等终端仿真应用程序，将数据存储在工作站上。在工作站上编译NIST统计测试集程序包，以生成可执行程序。接下来运行NIST统计测试集程序分析数据以及统计测试。

以下是使用范例固件AN0175_SourceCode_V2.0.0在上电后会产生的一个随机数，在收集约319万笔随机数后，进行NIST统计测试。

图1. 环境配置

硬件资源

1.AT32403A AT-START 版

1) 串口(PA9)

2.具有串口的计算机，运行 Linux 系统

软件资源

1.下载到AT32403A AT-START版运行

1) AN0175_SourceCode_V2.0.0

2.计算机端运行

1) 终端仿真器如PuTTY

2) 统计测试集源程序

https://csrc.nist.gov/CSRC/media/Projects/Random-Bit-Generation/documents/sts-2_1_2.zip

https://github.com/usnistgov/SP800-90B_EntropyAssessment

NIST SP800-22b统计测试集

基于NIST统计测试集：April 27, 2010: NIST SP 800-22rev1a (dated April 2010), A Statistical Test Suite for the Validation of Random Number Generators and Pseudo Random Number Generators for Cryptographic Applications, that describes the test suite.

统计测试集源程序下载：https://csrc.nist.gov/CSRC/media/Projects/Random-Bit-Generation/documents/sts-2_1_2.zip

统计测试集结果：

NIST SP800-90b统计测试集

基于NIST统计测试集：November 21, 2014: NIST requests comments on the latest revision of NIST SP 800-90A, Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using Deterministic Random Bit Generators, which is dated November 2014.

统计测试集源程序下载：

https://github.com/usnistgov/SP800-90B_EntropyAssessment

统计测试集结果：需先转换成符合2-bit-wide symbols数据输入格式。

./ea_non_iid 0421_2.bin 2 -i -a -v

Opening file: '0421_2.bin'

Loaded 50888144 samples of 4 distinct 2-bit-wide symbols

Number of Binary Symbols: 101776288Running non-IID tests...

Running Most Common Value Estimate...

Bitstring MCV Estimate: mode = 50891714, p-hat = 0.50003507693265448, p_u = 0.50016273956095891

Most Common Value Estimate (bit string) = 0.999531 / 1 bit(s)Literal MCV Estimate: mode = 12725005, p-hat = 0.25005834364876817, p_u = 0.25021470996034195

Most Common Value Estimate = 1.998761 / 2 bit(s)

Running Entropic Statistic Estimates (bit strings only)...

Bitstring Collision Estimate: X-bar = 2.5000060058338387, sigma-hat = 0.50000000610486417, p = 0.50989562404154842

Collision Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.971726 / 1 bit(s)

Bitstring Markov Estimate: P_0 = 0.49996492306734552, P_1 = 0.50003507693265448, P_0,0 = 0.4999425562646943, P_0,1 = 0.5000574437353057, P_1,0 = 0.49998729655651403, P_1,1 = 0.50001270344348603, p_max = 2.9554800761609014e-39

Markov Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.999936 / 1 bit(s)Bitstring Compression Estimate: X-bar = 5.2176714331187366, sigma-hat = 1.0152961906603262, p = 0.019654761320726077

Compression Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.944830 / 1 bit(s)

Running Tuple Estimates...

Bitstring t-Tuple Estimate: t = 23, p-hat_max = 0.52357011476148263, p_u = 0.52369763546518522

Bitstring LRS Estimate: u = 24, v = 50, p-hat = 0.50053161737274598, p_u = 0.50065927992920534

T-Tuple Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.933194 / 1 bit(s)

Literal t-Tuple Estimate: t = 11, p-hat_max = 0.27527598152543398, p_u = 0.27543726106146299

Literal LRS Estimate: u = 12, v = 24, p-hat = 0.25086994374062016, p_u = 0.25102647882990431

T-Tuple Test Estimate = 1.860204 / 2 bit(s)

LRS Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.998099 / 1 bit(s)

LRS Test Estimate = 1.994089 / 2 bit(s)

Running Predictor Estimates...

Bitstring MultiMCW Prediction Estimate: N = 101776225, Pglobal' = 0.50008960368099831 (C = 50884239) Plocal can't affect result (r = 26)

Multi Most Common in Window (MultiMCW) Prediction Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.999741 / 1 bit(s)

Literal MultiMCW Prediction Estimate: N = 50888081, PgloLRS Test Estimate = 1.994089 / 2 bit(s)bal' = 0.25014573559900838 (C = 12721480) Plocal can't affect result (r = 12)

Multi Most Common in Window (MultiMCW) Prediction Test Estimate = 1.999159 / 2 bit(s)

Bitstring Lag Prediction Estimate: N = 101776287, Pglobal' = 0.50019269251081444 (C = 50894762) Plocal can't affect result (r = 25)

Lag Prediction Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.999444 / 1 bit(s)

Literal Lag Prediction Estimate: N = 50888143, Pglobal' = 0.25015172047634626 (C = 12721800) Plocal can't affect result (r = 13)

Lag Prediction Test Estimate = 1.999125 / 2 bit(s)

Bitstring MultiMMC Prediction Estimate: N = 101776286, Pglobal' = 0.50008456811129076 (C = 50883757) Plocal can't affect result (r = 27)

Multi Markov Model with Counting (MultiMMC) Prediction Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.999756 / 1 bit(s)

Literal MultiMMC Prediction Estimate: N = 50888142, Pglobal' = 0.2502104743048289 (C = 12724789) Plocal can't affect result (r = 13)Multi Markov Model with Counting (MultiMMC) Prediction Test Estimate = 1.998786 / 2 bit(s)

Bitstring LZ78Y Prediction Estimate: N = 101776271, Pglobal' = 0.50008006313488451 (C = 50883291) Plocal can't affect result (r = 26)

LZ78Y Prediction Test Estimate (bit string) = 0.999769 / 1 bit(s)Literal LZ78Y Prediction Estimate: N = 50888127, Pglobal' = 0.25021764352136133 (C = 12725150) Plocal can't affect result (r = 13)

LZ78Y Prediction Test Estimate = 1.998745 / 2 bit(s)

H_original: 1.860204

H_bitstring: 0.933194

min(H_original, 2 X H_bitstring): 1.860204

关于雅特力

雅特力科技于2016年成立，是一家致力于推动全球市场32位微控制器(MCU)创新趋势的芯片设计公司，拥有领先高端芯片研发技术、完整的硅智财库及专业灵活的整合经验，分別在重庆、深圳、苏州、上海、台湾设有研发、销售及技术支持分部。

雅特力坚持自主研发，以科技创新引领智慧未来，专注于ARM® Cortex®-M4/M0+的32位微控制器研发与创新，提供高效能、高可靠性且具有竞争力的产品。全系列产品采用55nm先进工艺，通过ISO 9001质量管理体系认证，缔造M4业界最高主频288MHz运算效能。自2018年正式对外销售至今，累积了相当多元的终端产品成功案例，广泛地覆盖工控、电机、车载、消费、商务、5G、物联网、新能源等领域，助力客户实现产业升级。

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雅特力（Artery）AT32全系列32位微控制器（MCU）选型指南（英文）

描述- Founded in 2016, ARTERY Technology is a professional design company that is committed to promoting innovative development of the 32-bit microcontroller industry, supported by its state-of-the-art R&D technology, a comprehensive set of IP databases, and deep expertise in resource integration.

型号- AT-SURF-F437,AT32F413CCU7,AT32A403ACGU7,AT32F405CCU7,AT32F403A SERIES,AT32F405 SERIES,AT32F407 SERIES,AT32L021K6U7-4,AT32F421K6T7,AT32F425R8T7,AT32F423VBT7,AT32F423RBT7-7,AT32A403ACGT7,AT32A423RBT7-7,AT32A423CCU7,AT32F413CBT7,AT32F435CMT7,AT32F403ARCT7,AT32L021C4T7,AT32F435RCT7,AT32F435ZGT7,AT32F405CCT7,AT32F403ACET7,AT32A423R8T7,AT32L021K8T7,AT32A423 SERIES,AT32 WB SERIES,AT32F437 SERIES,AT32A423CBT7,AT32L021F8P7,AT32-AUDIO-EV,AT32F435CMU7,AT32F415KBU7-4,AT32F413CBU7,AT32F402CBT7,AT32F405KCU7-4,AT32F407RCT7,AT32L021G4U7,AT32F403ACGU7,AT32F425K8U7-4,AT32F402KBU7-4,AT32F425R8T7-7,AT32F415RCT7,AT32F423VCT7,AT32F402CBU7,AT32-COMM-EV,AT32F423T8U7,AT32F425K6T7,AT32F435CDT7,AT32F405RBT7,AT32A403ARCT7,AT32F421K6U7,AT32F421G8U7,AT32F415RBT7-7,AT32F421F4P7,AT32A423CCT7,AT32 F SERIES,AT32F413KCU7-4,AT32F425F6P7,AT32F423C8T7,AT32A403ACEU7,AT32F421 SERIES,AT32F423 SERIES,AT32F423RCT7-7,AT32A423TBU7,AT32A423C8T7,AT32-MOTOR-EV,AT32F421K8T7,AT32-LCD-EV,AT32F413C8T7,AT32F415RBT7,AT32F403ARET7,AT32F435CGT7,AT32A423K8U7-4,AT32A403ACET7,AT32F435VCT7,AT32A423C8U7,AT32F403ACGT7,AT32F421C4T7,AT32L021K6T7,AT32A423R8T7-7,AT32F403AVCT7,AT32L021F6P7,AT32F415RCT7-7,AT32F435CGU7,AT-LINK-ISO+,AT32F415CCT7,AT32F405KBU7-4,AT32F407VCT7,AT32F405CBU7,AT32F415KCU7-4,AT32A423TCU7,AT32F407RET7,AT32F415 SERIES,AT32 A,AT32A423CBU7,AT32F435RMT7,AT32L021K8U7,AT32L021,AT32 F,AT-LINK-EZ,AT32 L,AT32A423KBU7-4,AT32F423C8U7,AT32F435RDT7,AT32L021F8U7,AT32F425K8T7,AT32F405CBT7,AT32A403AVCT7,AT32F421K8U7,AT32A403ARET7,AT32F423TBU7,AT32F421K6U7-4,AT32F435-DVP-EV,AT32F421F6P7,AT32F403A,AT32 L SERIES,AT32F402 SERIES,AT32A403ACCU7,AT32F415CBT7,AT32F415R8T7,AT32F425F8P7,AT32A403A,AT32F423R8T7,AT32F425C6U7,AT32A423T8U7,AT-START,AT32F421K4U7-4,AT32A,AT32F423CCU7,AT32F402RCT7,AT-LINK,AT32L021C8T7,AT32F403ARGT7,AT32WB415CCU7-7,AT32F415CCU7,AT32A403ACCT7,AT32F403AVET7,AT32F435RGT7,AT32F435VMT7,AT32F421C6T7,AT32A423VBT7,AT32L021K4U7-4,AT32L021K4T7,AT32F423TCU7,AT32F405RBT7-7,AT32F413KBU7-4,AT32F435ZCT7,AT32 A SERIES,AT32F423CCT7,AT32WB415,AT32L021F4P7,AT32L021G8U7,AT32F407VET7,AT32F413 SERIES,AT32F407RGT7,AT32F403ACCU7,AT32L021K6U7,AT32F423CBU7,AT32A423RCT7-7,AT32F435VDT7,AT-LINK FAMILY,AT32F415CBU7,AT32L021K8U7-4,AT32A423VCT7,AT32L021F6U7,AT32A403AVET7,AT32 WB,AT32F425K6U7-4,AT32F425C6T7,AT32F421G4U7,AT32A403ARGT7,AT32A423KCU7-4,AT32F425 SERIES,AT32F421F8P7,AT32F423CBT7,AT32F413RCT7,AT32F425R6T7-7,AT32F413,AT32F423V8T7,AT32F415,AT32F423KCU7-4,AT32F402CCT7,AT32F421K4T7,AT32F435CDU7,AT32F425C8U7,AT32WB415 SERIES,AT32F425R6T7,AT32F423RBT7,AT32F423K8U7-4,AT32F421,AT32F402,AT32F435VGT7,AT32F405,AT32A423RBT7,AT32L021C6T7,AT32F407,AT32F402CCU7,AT32F421C8T7,AT32F435CCT7,AT32F403AVGT7,AT32F405RCT7,AT32F423R8T7-7,AT32F403ACCT7,AT32F435ZMT7,AT32A423V8T7,AT32F413RBT7,AT32F405RCT7-7,AT32F415C8T7,AT32F402RBT7-7,AT32F435,AT32F437,AT32F407VGT7,AT32F435CCU7,AT32L021G6U7,AT32,AT32F402RCT7-7,AT32F403ACEU7,AT32F415K8U7-4,AT32L021K4U7,AT32F415R8T7-7,AT-LINK+,AT32F423RCT7,AT32F402KCU7-4,AT32F402RBT7,AT32F423,AT32F425,AT32F413CCT7,AT32A423RCT7,AT32F421K4U7,AT32F421K8U7-4,AT32L021F4U7,AT32F425C8T7,AT32A403AVGT7,AT32F421G6U7,AT32F423KBU7-4,AT32F435ZDT7,AT32A423

选型指南 - 雅特力 - 202401 PDF 英文下载

基于雅特力AT32 MCU的洗衣机电机控制驱动方案，解锁智能家居新体验

随着人工智能、物联网等技术的发展，传统家电逐渐向智能家电转型。洗衣机作为家庭生活中不可或缺的电器之一，其智能化升级对于提升生活品质具有重要意义。MCU作为电机控制系统的核心“大脑”，肩负着多样化的控制使命。雅特力AT32 MCU以其卓越的性能和完善的电机开发生态，为洗衣机、电动两轮车和电摩等电机应用产品提供高效电机控制驱动方案，并已实现规模量产。

应用方案发布时间 : 2024-09-30

LX Semicon(乐尔幸半导体)MCU/电机驱动IC选型指南

目录- MCU & Motor Driver IC概述 MCU & Motor Control IC Product List Stable Supports for Customers MCU & Motor Driver IC Key Function MCU Motor Driver IC Washer/Refrigerator/Air Conditioner应用实例 Development Supports

型号- SW31103C,SW31200A,SW31202C,TMPM4K SERIES,TMPM470 SERIES,TMPM383,SW3006,SW3001,SSC4S701,SW3007,R5F5130 SERIES,LX61202,LX61100,TMPM383 SERIES,R5F5130,SW31102B,M SERIES,SW31201C,DRV8848,DRV10987,TMPM470,H SERIES,SW33201,SW31100,SW33200,SW33500,SW31200,G SERIES,SW31103,TMPM3HN SERIES,TMPM4K,R5F100,TMPM3HN,R5F100 SERIES,LX61202C,SW3304B,LX61210

选型指南 - LX SEMICON - 2023/12/15 PDF 中文下载

【经验】雅特力MCU AT32F403ARCT7的IIC控制器做主设备时需要注意哪些事项？

雅特力科技推出的AT32F403ARCT7是一颗高性能MCU，搭载32位ARM Cortex-M4内核，主频最高可以跑到240MHz。内建的单精度浮点运算单元(FPU)及数字信号处理器(DSP)，还提供了丰富的外设控制器，在工业、医疗、消费等各个行业有着广泛的应用。

设计经验发布时间 : 2023-08-01

雅特力电机应用快速入门指南

雅特力提供多模式完整电机库，配置免费的电机监控上位机调试软件，友好的电机监控和调试软件UI界面，可实时监看电机运转参数、状态与动态显示响应波形，便于进行在线调试相关控制参数，满足工程人员开发需求，提升电机控制产品上市进程。

设计经验发布时间 : 2024-08-29

【应用】基于车载DAB调谐芯片和解码芯片SI47902+SI4614搭配RA4M1 MCU的小体积车载DAB接收盒子方案

采用了Silicon Labs公司推出的车载DAB调谐芯片和解码芯片SI47902+SI4614，以及瑞萨的RA系列的MCU RA4M1。采用了USB和主机通信并进行音频的传输，不仅避免蓝牙模块和FM发射模块对有用信号的干扰，还可以较小体积，让设计更美观。

应用方案发布时间 : 2020-08-11

华芯微特（Synwit）32位MCU选型指南

目录- 公司介绍&产品分类 TFT-LCD 显示和人机界面（HMI）用微控制器电机专用微控制器大家电 & 工控通用微控制器 32位微控制器选型表

型号- SWM34X,SWM320 SERIES,SWM 201C6T7-50,SWM19SCBT6-50,SWM190 SERIES,SWM 201 系列,SWM32SRET6,SWM181CCT6-50,SWM260KBT7-80,SWM190KBT6-80,SWM201G6S7-65,SWM 201,SWM 201G6S7-65,SWM 19S 系列,SWM201,SWM260 SERIES,SWM320,SWM19S,SWM160,SWM20PG6S6,SWM20D,SWM32SRET6-50,SWM 20PG6S6-65,SWM 190,SWM181CBT6-50,SWM260CBT7-50,SWM260PBT7-80,SWM 260 系列,SWM32S,SWM181 SERIES,SWM181RCT6-50,SWM20P,SWM260CBT7,SWM160C8T7-50,SWM190CBT6-50,SWM20G,SWM 190 系列,SWM 260,SWM 181,SWM201 SERIES,SWM320RET7-50,SWM181DBU6-40,SWM181CBT6,SWM160 SERIES,SWM 341,SWM 341 系列,SWM190 系列,SWM201C6T7-50,SWM 181 系列,SWM320VET7-50,SWM341,SWM190RBT6-50,SWM20PG6S6-65,SWM260,SWM181,SWM320CET7-50,SWM190

选型指南 - 华芯微特 - 2021/3/15 PDF 中文下载

AT32 雅特力MCUs 微控制器产品选型表

型号- AT-SURF-F437,AT32F413CCU7,AT32F437ZCT7,AT32A403ACGU7,AT32F456CCU7,AT32F405CCU7,AT32F455RCT7,AT32L021K6U7-4,AT32F421K6T7,AT32F437VMT7,AT32F425R8T7,AT32M412C8T7,AT32F455CET7,AT32F437RGT7,AT32M412K8U7-4,AT32F423VBT7,AT32F423RBT7-7,AT32A403A 系列,AT32A403ACGT7,AT32A423RBT7-7,AT32A423CCU7,AT32F413CBT7,AT32M416E8P7,AT32F435CMT7,AT32F403ARCT7,AT32L021C4T7,AT32F435ZGT7,AT32F435RCT7,AT32F405CCT7,AT32 A 系列,AT32F403ACET7,AT32F457 系列,AT32F405 系列,AT32A423R8T7,AT32L021K8T7,AT32 L 系列,AT32A423CBT7,AT32L021F8P7,AT32 F 系列,AT32F435CMU7,AT32F437VDT7,AT32F415KBU7-4,AT32F413CBU7,AT32F402CBT7,AT32F405KCU7-4,AT32F407RCT7,AT32L021G4U7,AT32F403ACGU7,AT32F425K8U7-4,AT32F402KBU7-4,AT32F425R8T7-7,AT32F415RCT7,AT32F423VCT7,AT32M412E8P7,AT32M416EBP7,AT32F402CBU7,AT32F457RET7,AT32F456ZCT7,AT32F423T8U7,AT32F457VCT7,AT32F425K6T7,AT32F435CDT7,AT32F405RBT7,AT32A403ARCT7,AT32F421K6U7,AT32F455ZET7,AT32M416C8T7,AT32F421G8U7,AT32F415RBT7-7,AT32F421F4P7,AT32M416KBU7-4,AT32A423CCT7,AT32F456VET7,AT32F413KCU7-4,AT32F423C8T7,AT32A403ACEU7,AT32F437VGT7,AT32F437ZMT7,AT32F423RCT7-7,AT32M412KBU7-4,AT32F455RET7,AT32A423TBU7,AT32A423C8T7,AT32F421K8T7,AT32F455VCT7,AT32M412KBT7,AT32F435 系列,AT32F413C8T7,AT32F415RBT7,AT32F403ARET7,AT32F435CGT7,AT32A423K8U7-4,AT32A403ACET7,AT32F435VCT7,AT32A423C8U7,AT32F403ACGT7,AT32F421C4T7,AT32L021K6T7,AT32A423R8T7-7,AT32F403AVCT7,AT32L021F6P7,AT32F437ZDT7,AT32F415RCT7-7,AT32F435CGU7,AT-LINK-ISO+,AT32F415CCT7,AT32F405KBU7-4,AT32F407VCT7,AT32F405CBU7,AT32F415KCU7-4,AT32A423TCU7,AT32F407RET7,AT32 A,AT32F456 系列,AT32A423CBU7,AT32F435RMT7,AT32 M 系列,AT32L021K8U7,AT32L021,AT32 F,AT-LINK-EZ,AT32 L,AT32 M,AT32A423KBU7-4,AT32F423C8U7,AT32F423 系列,AT32F435RDT7,AT32M416KBT7,AT32L021F8U7,AT32F425K8T7,AT32F405CBT7,AT32A403AVCT7,AT32F421K8U7,AT32F455ZCT7,AT32F457RCT7,AT32A403ARET7,AT32F423TBU7,AT32F421K6U7-4,AT32F421F6P7,AT32F403A,AT32F456RET7,AT32F456VCT7,AT32F455,AT32F456,AT32F457,AT32A403ACCU7,AT32F415CBT7,AT32F415R8T7,AT32F425F8P7,AT32A403A,AT32F437ZGT7,AT32F423R8T7,AT32F455VET7,AT32M412K8T7,AT32F425C6U7,AT32A423T8U7,AT-START,AT32F421K4U7-4,AT32A,AT32F437RCT7,AT32F423CCU7,AT32F402 系列,AT32M412,AT32F425 系列,AT32F402RCT7,AT32M416,AT-LINK,AT32L021C8T7,AT32F403ARGT7,AT32WB415CCU7-7,AT32F415CCU7,AT32A403ACCT7,AT32F403AVET7,AT32F435VMT7,AT32F435RGT7,AT32F421C6T7,AT32A423VBT7,AT32L021K4U7-4,AT32L021K4T7,AT32F423TCU7,AT32F405RBT7-7,AT32F413KBU7-4,AT32F435ZCT7,AT32WB415 系列,AT32M412 系列,AT32F423CCT7,AT32WB415,AT32L021F4P7,AT32L021G8U7,AT32F407VET7,AT32F407RGT7,AT32F403ACCU7,AT32L021K6U7,AT32F423CBU7,AT32F403A 系列,AT32F456CET7,AT32A423RCT7-7,AT32F435VDT7,AT-LINK FAMILY,AT32F415CBU7,AT32L021K8U7-4,AT32A423VCT7,AT32L021F6U7,AT32A403AVET7,AT32 WB,AT32F413 系列,AT32F457ZET7,AT32F425K6U7-4,AT32F425C6T7,AT32F421G4U7,AT32F407 系列,AT32A403ARGT7,AT32A423KCU7-4,AT32M416K8T7,AT32F455CCU7,AT32F455 系列,AT32F421F8P7,AT32F423CBT7,AT32F413RCT7,AT32F456RCT7,AT32F425R6T7-7,AT32M416 系列,AT32F456CEU7,AT32F413,AT32F423V8T7,AT32F415,AT32F437VCT7,AT32F423KCU7-4,AT32F402CCT7,AT32M416K8U7-4,AT32F421K4T7,AT32F435CDU7,AT32F425C8U7,AT32F425R6T7,AT32F455CCT7,AT32F423RBT7,AT32A423 系列,AT32M416CBT7,AT32M412CBT7,AT-LINK-PRO,AT32F423K8U7-4,AT32F421,AT32F402,AT32 WB 系列,AT32F421 系列,AT32F435VGT7,AT32F405,AT32A423RBT7,AT32L021C6T7,AT32F407,AT32F402CCU7,AT32F421C8T7,AT32F435CCT7,AT32F415 系列,AT32F403AVGT7,AT32F405RCT7,AT32F423R8T7-7,AT32F403ACCT7,AT32F435ZMT7,AT32A423V8T7,AT32F413RBT7,AT32F405RCT7-7,AT32F415C8T7,AT32F402RBT7-7,AT32F435,AT32F437,AT32F407VGT7,AT32F435CCU7,AT32L021G6U7,AT32,AT32F402RCT7-7,AT32F403ACEU7,AT32F415K8U7-4,AT32L021K4U7,AT32F415R8T7-7,AT-START系列,AT-LINK+,AT32F437RDT7,AT32F423RCT7,AT32F437 系列,AT32F402KCU7-4,AT32F402RBT7,AT32M412EBP7,AT32F456CCT7,AT32F456ZET7,AT32F425,AT32F413CCT7,AT32A423RCT7,AT32F421K4U7,AT32F421K8U7-4,AT32L021F4U7,AT32F425C8T7,AT32F437RMT7,AT32F457VET7,AT32A403AVGT7,AT32F421G6U7,AT32F455CEU7,AT32F457ZCT7,AT32L021 系列,AT32F423KBU7-4,AT32F435ZDT7,AT32A423

选型指南 - 雅特力 - 2024/6/26 PDF 中文下载