【经验】浅谈任意频率低抖动振荡器内置晶体初始频率fxtal重要性
Si570是一款任意频率低抖动振荡器(XO),具有0.3ps 的典型相位抖动,支持 10到1400 MHz 的频率定制或编程输出,由于其优良的性能,目前使用的客户越来越多。
有客户在使用Si570时,会经常碰到了一些应用问题,经过统计,发现这些问题多与Si570晶振初始频率fxtal有关,Si570数据手册提到fxtal频率典型值是114.285MHz,不过每一片Si570的内置fxtal频率其实是有差异的,其最大差异会在±2000 ppm范围内。
很多客户拿到Si570后,根据芯片的part number相关参数,直接使用“Programmable Oscillator Calculator”可编程软件计算需要编程的新输出频率,由软件计算得出新输出频率需要修改的寄存器,利用外部host主机直接烧写Si570晶振,获得输出频率。这样做的结果极有可能导致输出可频率频偏过大,导致设频率输出异常。下面以一组实验来说明。
实验一:将一个初始频率为10MHz、稳定度为20ppm的Si570晶振编程改变输出频率为644.53125MHz,通常做法是:直接使用“Programmable Oscillator Calculator”可编程软件,选择“不连接DEMO板”模式,根据可编程频率改写流程,会得出一组原始数据寄存器(RFREQ, HS_DIV, and N1),并由此得出对应的fxtal原始频率,并由此计算最终的频率改变寄存器。
实验二:将10MHz、20ppm对应的物料号Si570直接焊接到DEMO板,选择“连接DEMO板”模式打开“Programmable Oscillator Calculator”,根据可编程频率改写流程,会得出一组原始数据寄存器(RFREQ, HS_DIV, and N1),并由此得出对应的fxtal原始频率。具体如下:
可见,实验一和实验二得出的fxtal是不一致的,这是因为软件默认的fxtal一律设置成114.285MHz,其实每个Si570出厂时,即使是同物料号、同一批次的产品,也会因为工艺、切割等因素,导致fxtal不一致,不同的fxtal要获得同样的频率输出,其对应改变的寄存器时完全不一致的。将10MHz、20ppm的Si570改变频率为644.53125MHz输出时,如果千篇一律的使用实验一得出的统一的寄存器,极有可能会导致输出频率偏移过大问题。
为了获得稳定的输出,必须考虑每个Si570晶振的fxtal差异性,因此使用Si570编程输出时,必须严格按照改写流程,首先根据初始寄存器计算出每个Si570对应的fxtal,而不是利用“Programmable Oscillator Calculator”可编程软件直接得出需要的修改寄存器(“Programmable Oscillator Calculator”可编程软件只提供基本功能验证)。如果根据每一个10MHz、20ppm的Si570晶振,读取其原始的寄存器数据,获得当前晶振的fxtal,再改变频率,那么会得到稳定的644.53125MHz输出频率。
相关技术文档:
SILICON LABS Si570/Si571 10 MHZ TO 1.4 GHZ I2C PROGRAMMABLE XO/VCXO数据手册 详情>>>
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