【经验】PTC自恢复保险丝工作原理及选型细节解析
只要是电子产品就不可避免的会有过流、过压及静电放电等问题,而电子工程师的存在就是在进行电路设计的时候将保护电路考虑进去。就电子产品的过流防护,电子工程师在保护电路设计过程中,就会面临是选用保险丝还是选用自恢复保险丝PTC?其实这个问题往往见仁见智,尽管在常见应用领域中有时由于某些重要的考虑因素,使用其中一种可能比使用另一种更好。
使用传统保险丝或是使用最新研发的自恢复PTC都可以实现过流电路保护。两者都是通过对电路中过量电流产生的发热现象做出反应从而实现保护功能。保险丝是靠熔断来断开电流的,而PTC则是依赖从低阻态变为高阻态来限制电流的大小。充分理解两种装置的性能差异会使您在选择最佳电路保护方案时做出更轻松的选择。例如,LED照明、电脑、周边设备以及便携设备(如智能手机、平板电脑等)的很多设计都要求使用PTC,其原因在于PTC可以自行复位。如果使用保险丝,则每次发生过流都必须进行更换,这是用户无法接受的。硕凯电子将在本文介绍PTC自恢复保险丝工作原理及选型细节。
图 1 实物图
PTC自恢复保险丝作用原理:
PTC的作用原理是将具有潜在危害的过载电流限制在安全范围内。具体而言就是:通过装置的过大电流会导致内部热量增加(I2R),由此造成PTC的升温,导致其电阻增加。在出现过热情况前,PTC电阻通常只占电路总阻抗很小一部分。如下图所示,聚合体PTC的电阻增大具有非线性特征,这样的相对较大的电阻会将电路中的电流降低或限制在安全的范围内。从低电阻到高电阻的转变点称之为“跳变点”。
通过较高电阻的受限电流产生的热量将使PTC的温度维持在一个高水平,从而造成电阻居高不下。该热平衡条件会始终保持,直到电路掉电,PTC逐渐降温,阻值变小。 PTC具有自恢复功能的基本作用原理是温度升高会导致电阻增加,反之亦然。 PTC是通过从电路中去除电源,从而使装置温度降低而实现自恢复或返回低阻状态的。在这之后,该组件就可随时对未来过载做出响应。如果过流问题的根源被排除,电阻就会保持低阻态;但再次出现过流时,装置将再次转换至高阻态。
自恢复保险丝选型需要注意以下几个细节:
●确定电路的以下参数:
最大工作环境温度;标准工作电流;最大工作电压(Umax);最大故障电流(Imax)
●选择能适应电路最大环境温度和标准工作电流的自恢复保险丝元件
使用温度折减表并选择与电路最大环境温度最匹配的温度。浏览该栏以查阅等于或大于电路标准工作电流值。
●将所选元件的最大电气额定值与电路最大工作电压和故障电流作比较
使用电气特性表来验证您在第2步中所选的元件是否将采用电路的最大工作电压和故障电流。查阅装置的最大工作电压和最大故障电流。确保Umax和Imax大于或等于电路的最大工作电压和最大故障电流。
●确定动作时间
动作时间是当故障电流出现在整台装置上时将此元件切换到高电阻状态所用的时间量。为了提供预期的保护功能,明确自恢复保险丝元件的工作时间是很重要的。如果您选择的元件动作过快,则会出现异常动作或有害的动作。如果元件动作过慢,则受到保护的组件在元件切换到高电阻状态之前可能损坏。使用25℃的典型动作时间曲线来确定自恢复保险丝元件的动作时间对于电路来说是过快还是过慢。如果是则返回第2步重新选择备用元件。
●验证环境工作温度
确保应用场合的最小和最大环境温度在自恢复保险丝元件的工作温度范围内。大多数自恢复保险丝元件的工作温度范围介于-40℃到85℃。
●验证自恢复保险丝元件的外形尺寸
使用外形尺寸表来将您选择的自恢复保险丝的外形尺寸与应用场合的空间条件比较。
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本文由三年不鸣转载自硕凯电子,原文标题为:流电路保护:自恢复保险丝是最佳选择,本站所有转载文章系出于传递更多信息之目的,且明确注明来源,不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
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SERIES,TLC-USMD110/8,TRC185,TLC-NSML300,TRC065,TLC-USMD035/24,TRE125,TLC-MSMD250/12,TLC-NSML350L,TRB090,TLC-USML600/12,TLC-MSMD250/16,TLC-MSMD150/24,TLC-MSMD125,MSML1812,TRA1200,MSMD1812 SERIES,TLC-USML900,TLC-NSML412,TRF200,TRE110,FSMD0603 SERIES,TLC-NSML650,PSML0805 SERIES,TLC-USML1000,TLC-MSML450/12,TRC050,TLC-NSM D010/48,TLC-MSMD014,TRM075,TLC-MSMD150/16,TLC-MSMD010,TLC-MSMD150/12,NSML1206,TLC-FSMD005/24,TLC-NSML400,TLC-MSMD30,TRE100,TLC-USMD075,TLC-NSML5S0,TLC-NSMD075/16,TLC-MSML300/12,TRC040,TRC160,TLC-MSML700,TLC-PSMD035/9,TLC-NSMD075,TLC-MSMD260/12,TLC-MSMD110/24,TLC-MSMD260/16,TRF018U,TRC030,TLC-MSMD110/33,TRB185,TRC035,TLC-ASML050,TLC-PSMD020,TRA090,TRM055,TLC-NSML450L,TLC-NSMD010/48,TLC-NSMD200/12,TAL350,TLC-MSML200/12,FSML0603 SERIES,TLC-MSMD110/16,TRC020,TLC-PSMD035,TRE200,TLC-USMD050,TLC-PSMD030,TLC-PSMD150,TRC025,TLC-NSMD075/8,TLC-NSMD150/8,TLC-USMD175,TRB050,TAL110,TLC-MSMD 125/30,TLC-NSML110C,TRM040,TRC017,TLC-USMD020,TRC250,TLC-ASML035,TLC-MSMD110/12,TRA075,TRC010,TRC375,TLC-NSMD050,PSMD0805 SERIES,TRC135,TLC-LSMD050/50,LSMD2920 SERIES,TAL500-L2,USML1210 SERIES,TLC-PSMD005,TAL120,TRB160,MSMD1812,TRM033,TAL250,TLC-PSMD110/13.2,TAL370,TRM150,TLC-NSML300/12,TLC-PSMD035/12,TRC005,TLC-MSMD035/30,TLC-USMD150,TRA185,TLC-PSMD010,TRA065,TRE300,TLC-NSML450/12,TRM025,TLC-USMD035,TAL140,TRA,TLC-USMD110/16,TAL260,TRC,TRB,TRE,TRG,TRF,TLC-FSML300,TLC-NSMDO10/48,TRA SERIES,TRM,ASML0402 SERIES,TLC-USMD110/12,TRA050,TLC-ASML010,TRC110,TLC-USMD005/50,USMD1210,TLC-USMD005,TRM016,LSMD2920,TLC-USMD050/16,TRM012,TAL270,NSMD1206 SERIES,ASML0402,TLC-NSML700,TRA160,TRB250,TRA040,TLC-PSMD075,TLC-ASML020,TLC-NSMD050/8,TRB135,TRM008,TD350-3,TRM005,TLC-MSMD075,TRM125,TLC-PSMD100/13.2,TLC-USMD010,TD350-1,TD350-2,TAL160,TAL280,TLC-MSML800,TRA1600,TRA030,TRB120,TRC210,LSML2920 SERIES,TLC-USML190,TAL170,TLC-PSMD050,TRA025,TRF SERIES,TLC-MSMD250/8,TRA020,TRE500,TRB110,TRM100,TAL175,TLC-USMD110,TLC-PSML260,TLC-LSMD050,TRA135,TLC-NSMD110,TLC-NSML200/12,TRA017,TLC-PSML380,TLC-FSML100,TLC-MSMD050/30,TLC-MSMD050/33,TRA250,TLC-USMD150/8,TLC-MSML300,TRA010,TRB220,TAL500,NSM _L1505,TLC-PSML268,TLC-NSML190,TLC-USMD200,TLC-USMD075/8,TLC-NSML350/12,TLC-MSML500/16,TLC-NSML400L,TLC-PSML150,TLC-MSML500/12,TLC-NSMD100,TLC-USMD020/24,USML1210,TRA005,TD250-2,TLC-FSML110,TLC-NSMD025/24,TD250-1,TLC-ASML100,TLC-MSMD050/24,TRA120,TRC300,TLC-USML175,TLC-LSMD075/60,TRM200,TLC-LSMD075,TLC-USML380,TLC-USML260,TLC-FSML200,TLC-MSMD200/12,TLC-LSMD260D,TLC-MSML200,TRA110,FSML0603,TLC-NSML175,TRB200,TLC-MSMD050/16,TLC-LSMD185,TLC-LSML900,TLC-USML150,TLC-MSMD200/24,TLC-MSMD200/20,TLC-NSMD200,TD,TLC-MSML450,TLC-MSMD200/16,TLC-LSMD030/50,TLC-MSML500T,TAL410,TLC-NSMD035/16,TLC-NSML500L,TLC-MSMDO10/30,TLC-LSMD250,TRF014U,TLC-PSMD010/24,TLC-NSMD035,TLC-FSML150,TLC-PSMD100,TLC-NSMD150,TLC-MSML500,TRB300,TAL300,TLC-NSMD035/24,TLC-PSML075,TRM SERIES,TLC-FSML035,TRC500,TLC-NSMD020,TLC-NSMD025,TLC-PSML190,TLC-MSML750,TLC-PSMD110,TRE SERIES,TRA200,TLC-MSML700T,TLC-LSMD125,TAL310,TLC-LSMD150,TLC-LSMD030,TLC-MSMDO10/50,TRF012U,NSML1206 SERIES,TLC-MSML350/12,TLC-NSMD012,TRB400,TLC-FSML125,TLC-NSMD010,TLC-MSMD050/60,TLC-NSML500/12,TLC-FSML250,TLC-MSML400,TRE055U,TAL SERIES,FSMD0603,TAL200,TLC-PSML175,TLC-LSMD260,TAL1000,TLC-NSMD012/48,TLC-USML350,TRA300,TLC-NSMD005,TLC-FSML260,TLC-MSMD110/8,TRB SERIES,TLC-USML110,TAL210,TAL450,TLC-MSMD300,TRA1100,TLC-LSMD450,TLC-FSMD100,TLC-PSML300,TLC-MSML400/16,TRB500,TLC-USMD200/12,TLC-MSML400/12,TLC-NSMD100/8,TLC-MSML750/12,TLC-NSML110,TLC-NSML350,TLC-USMD010/50,TLC-USML200,TRA400,TLC-FSML075,TLC-PSMD050/9,NSM _L1505 SERIES,TLC-MSMD300/12,TLC-MSMD300/8,TLC-USML450,TLC-LSML500/16,TLC-LSMD200,PSML0805,TRA1000,TLC-MSMD200,TRB600,TAL270-L2,TLC-FSML050,TLC-NSML212,TLC-NSML450,TLC-USMD035/12,TLC-MSML750/12D,TLC-PSML400,TLC-USMD035/16,TRF080,TLC-USML300,TLC-USML450/12,TLC-LSMD500/8,TRA500,MSML1812 SERIES,TLC-FSML175,TLC-NSML200,TLC-PSMD005/60,TLC-USMD075/13.2,TLC-USML550,TAL,TLC-LSMD100,TLC-FSMD020,TLC-NSMD110/13.2,TLC-PSML100,TLC-NSMD005/48,TRB700,TLC-NSML150,TRF060,TLC-LSML1000/12,TRE090,TLC-LSML1000/16,TLC-USML400,TLC-PSML350,TLC-FSMD035,TLC-PSML110,TLC-MSMD125/30,TRA600,TLC-MSMD
PBT Series Surface-Mount Resettable Fuse
型号- PBT1210-020,PBT0805-020,PBT1206-020,PBT1210-125,PBT0805-005,PBT1210-075,PBT1210-150,PBT,PBT1210-050,PBT1206-050,PBT1210-035,PBT1210-110,PBT1210—016,PBT1210-010,PBT0805-010,PBT1206-010,PBT1206—016,PBT1206-075,PBT1210-016,PBT0805-035,PBT1206-035,PBT0805-016,PBT1206-016,PBT0805—010,PBT0805-050,PBT SERIES
【选型】Littelfuse(力特)保险丝座选型指南
目录- Fuse Characteristics, Terms and Consideration Factors Fuse Selection Checklist PTC Characteristics and Terms PTC Product Applications Typical PTC Circuit Protection Designs Fuse Standards Fuse and PTC Products Selection Guide Fuse Packaging and Part Numbering
型号- 1812L,471,230,472,473,232,233,234,235,477,874,875,876,239,877,2016L,461E,485,LORHO,400,157T,369,804,807,808,600R,437 SERIES,USBR,370,251,372,373,494,253,374,2205,SL,0603L,0805L,ST,382,262,383,263,385,265,266,267,268,269,303,429,1210L,LR,LT,391,1206L,392,272,273,274,395,154,275,396,397,398,157,278,399,219XA,279,312,950,313,30R,159,314,435,315,437,438,318,LORHO PTC,160,285,440,250S,441,250R,322,443,202,203,324,VL,325,446,326,447,448,449,208,209,VT,16R,451,452,332,453,154T,454,213,456,215,72R,216,458,60R,217,459,218,977,460,461,220,462,464,465,224,466,225,467,468,501,469,229,505,506,2920L,508
PBS Series Surface-Mount Resettable Fuse
型号- PBS2018-050,PBS1206-020-30F,PBS2920-110F,PBS2920-300F,PBS2920-260-16F,PBS2920-600-12F,PBS0805 SERIES,PBS1206-016,PBS1812-200,PBS0603,PBS1206-012,PBS1812,PBS0805,PBS0603-025F,PBS0805-050F,PBS1812-150-12,PBS1206-050,PBS1210-035,PBS2920-300-24F,PBS0805-010F,PBS2920-300-16F,PBS1210,PBS1210-110,PBS2920-125-33F,PBS2920-185-33F,PBS1210-075,PBS1812-075-24,PBS1210-150,PBS,PBS1206-035-16F,PBS1812-150-24F,PBS0603 SERIES,PBS2920-125F,PBS2920-185F,PBS1812-260-16F,PBS1812 SERIES,PBS1812-050,PBS1812-010,PBS1812-014,PBS0805-010-24F,PBS SERIES,PBS1206,PBS1206-020,PBS0603-020F,PBS0805-075F,PBS1210 SERIES,PBS1812-050-40F,PBS1210-020,PBS0805-035F,PBS2920-400-16F,PBS2920-330F,PBS2920-185-24F,PBS2920-075F,PBS1812-110-24F,PBS1812-260,PBS2920-260-06F,PBS1812-020,PBS1812-075-33F,PBS1812-300F,PBS1812-020-60,PBS1206-035,PBS1206-110,PBS0603-035F,PBS1206-075,PAS2920-300-24F,PBS2920-330-24F,PBS1206-150,PBS2920-330-12F,PBS2920-260F,PBS0805-020F,PBS1210-010,PBS2018-260-24F,PBS2018-100-33F,PBS1812-110-16,PBS1210-050,PBS2920-200F,PBS2920-500-16F,PBS2920-330-16F,PBS1206-025F,PBS1812-150,PBS2920-150-33F,PBS1812-030,PBS1812-075,PBS1210-175F,PBS1812-110,PBS2018-200,PBS2920-200-24F,PBS1206-200,PBS1210-005,PBS0805-110F,PBS1812-250-16F,PBS0603-010F,PBS2920-150F,PBS1812-050-30F,PBS0603-050F,PBS1206 SERIES
【技术】浅析PPTC自恢复保险丝在RS485通讯接口的应用
众所周知,PPTC自恢复保险丝是使用极为广泛的一种过流保护元器件,在一些笔记本电脑、汽车电子、以及变压器、工业控制设备,当然,也包括一些通讯接口,PPTC都能起到过电流和过温保护的作用。浅析PPTC自恢复保险丝在RS485通讯接口的应用。
Low Loss Surface Mount 0805 Series POLYMER PTC RESETTABLE FUSE
型号- TLC-PSML175,TLC-PSML075,TLC-PSML350,TLC-PSML150,TLC-PSML260,TLC-PSML300,TLC-PSML200,TLC-PSML100,TLC-PSML110,TLC-PSML380,TLC-PSML190,TLC-XSMXXXX,TLC-PSML400,TLC-PSML260/8,TLC-PSML260/12
PTC自复保险丝为豆浆机等小家电的电机提供堵转保护
在以豆浆机、搅拌机、打蛋机等为代表的家电中,为避免遭遇“难啃”的大块头引起电机堵转从而烧毁电机等,可使用PTC作为电机的堵转保护,一旦电机发生了堵转,由于堵转的电流是数倍于正常工作电流,PTC只要流过的电流是正常工作电流的2倍即可启动保护,而此刻电机的整体温度往往并没有升起来,避免了高温对电机的冲击。
【应用】基于硕凯电子半导体放电管和自恢复保险丝的CAN总线防护方案,可通过10/700μS浪涌测试
汽车上各种电子控制单元的数目不断增加,连接导线显著增加,因浪涌损害的情况加剧。本文将介绍使用硕凯电子的半导体放电管P0300SA、P0300SB、P0300SC和自恢复保险丝JK250-120U设计的CAN总线防护方案。
Low Loss Surface Mount 0402 Series POLYMER PTC RESETTABLE FUSE
型号- TLC-ASML010,TLC-ASML035,TLC-ASML100,TLC-XSMXXXX,TLC-ASML050,TLC-ASML020
【应用】国产自恢复保险丝用于智能流量调节阀控制板电源输入过流防护,1206表贴封装助力小型化设计
为避免智能流量调节阀电源输入因负载短路异常出现烧毁风险,一般选用自恢复保险丝做过流保护设计,推荐国产硕凯电子的自恢复保险丝SCF050-16-1206RB,采用1206表面贴装设计,最大工作电压为6VDC,兼容性更强。
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测试1.2/50us-8/20us组合波,10/700us-5/320us组合波,8/20us单波。能够模拟雷电瞬变引起的浪涌冲击抗干扰测试,最高电压达20KV,电流达20KA。点击预约,支持到场/视频直播测试,资深专家全程指导。
实验室地址: 深圳/上海 提交需求>
测试等级:空气放电30KV±5%;接触放电30KV±5%,适用标准:GB/T 17626.2、IEC61000-4-2、ISO10605、GB/T 19951;给用户产品出电路保护设计方案建议及整改。点击预约,支持到场/视频直播测试,资深专家全程指导。
实验室地址: 深圳/上海 提交需求>
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