【经验】 以插件二极管UF5407为例说明弯脚成型的应力损伤的失效情况和固定建议
1. 二极管的内部结构:
图1是二极管内部是由A-铜引线,B-芯片,C-塑封料,D-镀锡层,E-焊接组成;
图2是二极管芯片结构,主要是由化学Ni/Au 镀层 , 低温氧化层沉积,高温玻璃烧温层,半绝缘多晶硅,PN结,玻璃钝化层;
图1 图2
2. 我们选择插件二极管,主要是实际通过二极管正向导通电流够大,本文以DIOTEC的超快速整流恢复二极管UF5407为例说明。该管子主要被选用在PFC升压整流处,由于该处位置layout有限,所以需要把该管子进行弯脚成型,我们统称M型如下图3;当我们进行产品弯脚成型时,目前市面普遍是使有是电阻弯脚成型号的设备,该设备的成型的力较难于控制。当产品弯脚成型过型中,如弯脚固定不牢固,折弯应力会传递至芯片表面,可造成部分表面损伤,也就是我们所讲的机械应力损伤,如下图4小蓝色箭头为弯脚应力损伤点;我们通常以设备压着两个二极管铜引脚的位置压痕作为评判标准,从实际经验,压痕在0.2-0.3mm是可以牢固了并且接受的。
图3
图4
针对小蓝色箭头损伤点二极管内部PN结层,如下图红色小标志。些时损伤点通常会在芯片P+表面,未损伤至P/N的深处,当弯脚严重异常时可令芯片内部的P/N结深处的损伤,甚至会令到芯片有效面积破裂,二极管的VRRM是由芯片有效面积决定,当该面积损伤或破裂,VRRM必然会下降,并未完全出现击穿的状态,此时我们可以使用图示用微小的uA电流进行拉二极管VRRM曲线,如曲线有衰减,说明VRRM已经衰减。
图5
3. 焊接热效应力损伤原理:
根据二极管内部结构得知,二极管的塑封料的膨胀系数是30X10-6/℃,芯片的膨胀系数是3.1X10-6/℃,钢引线的膨胀系数是18X10-6/℃,由于二极管组成材质间热膨胀系数的差异,在整机过波峰焊时,芯片横向,纵向都会受到一定的挤压也就是说热应力,如果此时如芯片P+表面已经有一定损伤,热应力之下必然会给完全放大,直至到P/N结深处。之前的机械应力加上现有的热应力就会完全进入P/N处的二极管在VR测试时会表现为电压衰降甚至降到0V ,当整机开机进行通电测试瞬间该二极管必然会给完全击穿。
图6
4. 弯脚成型后的建议:
当我们对直插二极管作弯脚成型时,必须对弯脚成型固定二极管铜引脚位置固定,固定图形如下图7,同时我们也要确认压痕深度,如有条件,当二极管弯脚成型结束后,可以加热后冷却,再使用图示仪进行抽查测量二极管的VRRM,以便确认每个二极管弯脚成型后过了波峰焊后,二极管电性能参数还会保持原来的规格。
图7
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DIOTEC Rectifiers选型表
DIOTEC 整流器/Rectifiers 包含超快恢复整流器,单相桥式整流器,快恢复二极管,高压整流管,超快回收整流器,标准回收整流器,提供以下参数选型:Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage VRRM[V]:50-24000;Junction Temperature Tjmax [℃]:120-200
产品型号
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品类
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Type
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Package
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Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage VRRM[V]
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Maximum Average Forward Rectified Current IFAV[A]
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Junction Temperature Tjmax [℃]
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Peak Forward Surge Current IFSM[A]
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Forward Voltage VF[V]
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Forward Voltage IF[A]
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Leakage Current IR[A]
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Leakage Current VR[V]
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ABS10
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Single Phase Bridge Rectifiers
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SMD
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SO-DIL ABS 4mm
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1000
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0.8
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150
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27
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1.1
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0.8
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5
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1000
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选型表 - DIOTEC 立即选型
UF5400 ... UF5408 Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier Diodes
型号- UF5408,UF5407,UF5406,UF5405,UF5404,UF5403,UF5402,UF5401,UF5400
Diotec(德欧泰克)具有轴向引线的二极管/整流二极管选型指南
目录- Diodes/Rectifler
型号- UF5408,UF5407,BY2000,1N5408K,UF5406,BYW27-800,UF5404,UF5402,UF5401,BY880-100,UF5400,BY500-800,SB890,SB1250,SB530,1N4001GP,UF4004GP,SB2100,P2000DTL,P600A,SB12H40,P600B,P600D,BY1600,P600G,SB1240-3G,P600J,P600K,1N5407K,P600M,D-BY228G,P600S,P600U,P1000K,SB1260,P1000M,BA157,P1000G,SB520,BA158,BA159,P1000J,P1000D,BY550-100,1N5059,MUR460,F1200G,P1000A,P1000B,SB190S,FX2000D,FX2000G,FX2000A,1N4001S,FX2000B,PX1500M,P2000MTL,SB550,1N5061,1N5060,1N5062,UF4003GP,1N4002S,PX1500D,BY500-1000,SB540,PX1500G,PX1500J,BY880-800,PX1500K,MUR120,PX1500A,PX1500B,BY550-200,BY550-400,EM516,EM518,BY550-50,1N4003S,SBX3040-3G,SB160S,1N4003GP,BYW27-200,SB850,UF4002GP,UF600M,UF600K,UF600J,1N5401,SB1290,1N5400,UF600G,BY500-600,EM513,1N5402,UF600D,1N5404,1N5407,UF600B,1N5406,BY1800,UF600A,1N5408,1N4004S,SB290,SB840,MUR140,SB560-3G,1N4448,P1000S,P2000GTL,BY500-50,1N4005S,BY880-200,1N4007-13,BYW27-100,BY299,MR822,BY298,MR821,1N4002GP,BY297,MR820,BY296,MR826,MR824,SB8100,UF4001GP,MR828,15SQ045-3G,BY880-1000,HV2,SB190,1N4006S,SB3100,SBX2050,MUR160,BY550-600,1N5400K,RGP30K,SBX2045-3G,1N4007S,SB260,SB140S,SB140,RGP30M,FE1A,BY398,FE1B,1N4005GP,BY397,BY396,FE1D,BYW27-400,FE1G,BY399,BY500-400,SB1540-3G,BYW27-50,SB250,SB130,SB120,SB5100,1N4001,1N4002,1N4003,1N4004,SB3H150,1N4005,1N4006,1N4007,1N5402K,SB1100S,SB160,SB150S,FE3A,FE3B,SB12100,1N4004GP,BY255,FE3D,BY133,BY254,UF4007GP,BY253,P2000ATL,BY252,FE3G,SB830,BY135,BY251,1N5401K,1N4934,1N4933,1N4936,1N4935,1N4937,BY880-1200,UF4007,SB390,UF4005,UF4006,SB150,UF4003,FE2A,UF4004,FE2B,UF4001,UF4002,FE2D,SBX2040-3G,BY880-400,FE2G,SB820,1N4148,1N5404K,P2500K,BY550-800,P2500M,SB120S,P2500G,P2500J,P2500D,P2000JTL,SB330,P2500B,UF4006GP,P2500A,1N4150,P2000BTL,BYW27-600,1N4151,BY500-200,1N4007GP,BAV19,P2000G,BYW27-1000,P2000M,P2000J,P2000K,P2000A,P2000D,P2000B,BY550-1000,MUR420,SB320,SBX2550,SB1100,BAV20,BAV21,P2500X,P2500W,P2500Y,BY880-50,P2500T,F1200D,SB860-3G,1N5818,F1200B,1N5406K,1N5817,F1200A,1N5819,20SQ045-3G,P2000KTL,SB360,SBX2540-3G,SB130S,SB240,SB230,UF4005GP,BY500-100,1N4006GP,1N5821,1N5820,1N5822,BY880-1400,FE6A,FE6B,FE6D,SB590,SB350,FE6F,SB340,FE6G,SB220,BY880-600,1N5391,1N5393,HV1.5,1N5392,1N5395,1N5397,1N5399,1N5398,MUR440
Diotec Semiconductor AG COMPANY PROFILE
型号- DI035P02PT,ESD3ZW24,SUF4006,UF5407,BC817-40-Q,DI080N03PQ,DI075N04PT,DI035N10PT,MMBT7002K-AQ,DI020P06PT-AQ,DIT195N08,DIT120N08,BZX84C5V1,DI150N03PQ,MMBT2907A,DI080N06PQ-AQ,MM3Z12-AQ,DI4A7P06SQ2,MMBT7002K-Q,PWY8012,DI028P03PT,DI040P04PT-AQ,DI028N10PQ2-AQ,DI04P04D1-AQ,FR1M,DI0A35N06PGK-AQ,DI050P03PT-AQ,ZPD5.6,DI048N04,SK56SMC,LDP01-SERIES,BCR08PN-AQ,SKL34-Q,MD06P115-AQ,BAV21WS-Q,P6SMBJ36CA-AQ,P6KE200A,DI003N03SQ2,BAV99-Q,GBI10X,NUP2105L-AQ,DI048N04PQ2-AQ,BZX84C6V2,BZX84C5V1-Q,SKL14-AQ,BC846A-AQ,P4SMAJ58A,DI045N10PQ-Q,DI110N04,DI048N04PT-AQ,SK14,LDP02-30AYD2-AQ,DI100N04D1-AQ,BZX84C15-Q,BAV70-AQ,SK2045CD2-3G,DI040P04D1,6.6SM-SERIES,DI110N04PQ-AQ,MMFTP3334K,MMTL431A-AQ,MMBZ27CA-Q,LDI1117-ADH,MMFTP5618-Q,1N4148W,BZX84C12-AQ,MMFTN138,ESDB24C-Q,LDI1117-3.3U,DI038N04PQ2-AQ,DI2A70D1K,DI110N15PQ,BAT54,MM3Z15B-Q,BAV99,LDI1117-3.3H,BCX56-16-AQ,BAS40-05,4.6SM-SERIES,BAS40-06,ESDB24C-AQ,SK3060CD2,MMTL431A,BC817-40W,SKL14,MMFTN123,SK14-Q,P6SMB400A,SK34SMA-3G,P4SMAJ30CA-AQ,BZT52C3V3,MMFTP3401-AQ,SKL18,DI010N03PW,SK26,MMBTA06,SK24,BYG23T,SDB160WS-AQ,DI070P04PQ-AQ,DI015N25D1,P6SMBJ28A-AQ,P6SMBJ22CA-AQ,BC808-16,BAV70,MMFTP2319,DI7A6N04SQ2,BAS316WS-AQ,BC847-AQ,DI049N06PTK,DI045N03PT,MMFTP3401,BY880-1000,SKL34,P6SMBJ18CA-AQ,2SC2983,BAV99-AQ,DI068P04D1-AQ,3.0SMCJ14A-Q,LDP02-SERIES,SD3B24WS,MMSZ5245B,LDP01-26AYD2-AQ,USL1K,DI110N15PQ-AQ,PSW5012*,DIJ2A3N65,LDP01-42CAYD2-AQ,SK36SMA-3G,SI20C120D2,1N4148WS,MMBTA56,3G-Q,DIT95N08,SMF30A,LDP02-26AYD2-AQ,DIT095N08,BAT54A-Q,MM3Z15,DI020N06D1-Q,BAT54C,GBU6M,BAT54A,ES1D,MMBT7002K,P6SMBJ30CA-AQ,DI035P04PT-AQ,DI110N06D1-AQ,DIT90N06,SL1G-AQ,DI017N06PQ-AQ,PPH810-Q,LDP01-39CAYD2-AQ,P6SMBJ150A,ESW3012*,1N4148W-AQ,MMFTN138-Q,MD10P380,MMFTP6312D,DI050N04PT-AQ,BC857-AQ,DI050N06D1-Q,US1M-AQ,1N4148WS-AQ,UF4006,DI005P04PW-AQ,BC817-16-Q,US1J,LDP01-39AYD2-AQ,MMFTP6341KW,DI100N10PQ,KBPC10XX,DI280N10TL-Q,P6SMBJ18A-AQ,LDP01-28AYD2-AQ,US1M,ES1B,P6SMBJ33CA-AQ,SICW20C120,2CL71A,M7,PW4512,LDP02-39AYD2-AQ,DI005N06SQ2,P4SMBJ40A,KBPC25XX,BAS16-AQ,SKL16-AQ,SK210-AQ,DI008N09SQ,SDB14HS,P6KE480A,1N4007GP,BC817-40-AQ,MMTL431AR,SICW40C120,DIJ4A5N65,ESW6004,ESW6006,BZT52B20-AQ,DI025N06PT,SDB160WS,MM3Z5B1-AQ,MMBTA06-AQ,S1G,6.6SM8Z24A-Q,MMFTP84W,DI110N03PQ-AQ,DIT100N10,S1M,DI5A7N65D1K-AQ,LDP02-28AYD2-AQ,MMBT2222A,USXK,LDP02-42CAYD2-AQ,S1Y,PPH10100,FR1D,BAV199,3.0SMCJ33CA,DI006P02PW,MMTL431AR-Q,P6SMBJ15CA,MMFTP84K-AQ,GBI25X,SK310SMB,PPS5100-Q,BAT54S-AQ,SM2000,PPH10100-AQ,BAS21-AQ,DI045N10PQ,DI080N06,DI035N10PT-AQ
UF4003GP ... UF4007GP Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier Diodes
型号- UF4007GP,UF4006GP,UF4005GP,UF4004GP,UF4003GP
UF4001 ... UF4007 Ultrafast Recovery Rectifier Diodes
型号- UF4001,UF4002,UF4007GP,UF4007,UF4005,UF4006,UF4003,UF4004
p3 3D STEP
型号- 1N5400K,1N5383B,1N5371B,UF5408,BY2000,RGP30K,UF5407,1N5367B,1N5408K,UF5406,1N5355B,UF5405,UF5404,1N5379B,UF5403,UF5402,RGP30M,UF5401,UF5400,BY398,BY397,BY396,SB530,BY399,1N5370B,BY1600,SB1240-3G,MUR420L,1N5382B,1N5407K,1N5354B,1N5378B,1N5366B,MUR460L,SB520,SB5100,MUR460,SB3H150,1N5361B,1N5402K,1N5385B,1N5373B,1N5345B,1N5369B,1N5357B,FE3A,FE3B,BY255,FE3D,BY254,BY253,BY252,FE3G,BY251,1N5401K,1N5372B,1N5360B,1N5384B,1N5356B,SB390,1N5368B,SB5200,SB540,1N5349B-Q,1N5363B,1N5404K,1N5351B,1N5387B,1N5375B,BY255R,1N5347B,1N5359B,SB330,1N5401,1N5400,MBR360,1N5402,1N5404,MUR440L,1N5407,1N5350B,1N5406,BY1800,1N5374B,1N5408,1N5362B,1N5386B,1N5408KR,1N5358B,1N5346B,SB560,MUR420,SB320,F5K120,BY228G,SB560-3G,1N5381B,1N5365B,1N5406K,1N5404-Q,1N5353B,1N5377B,1N5408-Q,BY255-AQ,1N5349B,SB360,1N5821,1N5820,1N5822,1N5380B,1N5352B,1N5376B,1N5364B,1N5388B,SB590,1N5348B,SB350,SB340,SB3100,BY448G,MUR440
【产品】超快速高效整流二极管MUR120~MUR160,具有极低反向恢复时间
Diotec(德欧泰克)推出的MUR系列(MUR120~MUR160)超快速高效整流二极管极低的反向恢复时间和低正向压降等特点,改产品符合RoHS,REACH标准认证,是环境友好型器件,主要应用于高频整流和高效开关级领域。
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可贴片PCB尺寸50*50mm-580*610mm;PCB厚度0.3-8mm;贴装精度CHIP元件+0.03,BGA Pitch 大于0.25mm;元件尺寸0201-74*74BGA;元件高度:30mm。
最小起订量: 1 提交需求>
可加工PCB板层数:1-20层,板材类型:双面板/多层板/FR4板/高频板/高精密板/高阶HDI板等,成品尺寸:10*10~60*55cm;板厚:0.5~5.0mm。
最小起订量: 1 提交需求>
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